# Assign addresses (co-ordinates) to instructions (landmarks) in a program # (landscape). # Use the addresses assigned to: # a) replace labels # b) add segment headers with addresses and offsets correctly filled in # # To build (from the subx/ directory): # $ ./subx translate *.subx apps/survey.subx -o apps/survey # # The expected input is a stream of bytes with segment headers, comments and # some interspersed labels. # $ cat x # == code 0x1 # l1: # aa bb l1/imm8 # cc dd l2/disp32 # l2: # ee foo/imm32 # == data 0x10 # foo: # 00 # # The output is the stream of bytes without segment headers or label definitions, # and with label references replaced with numeric values/displacements. # # $ cat x |./subx run apps/assort # ...ELF header bytes... # # ELF header above will specify that code segment begins at this offset # aa bb nn # some computed address # cc dd nn nn nn nn # some computed displacement # ee nn nn nn nn # some computed address # # ELF header above will specify that data segment begins at this offset # 00 == code # instruction effective address register displacement immediate # . op subop mod rm32 base index scale r32 # . 1-3 bytes 3 bits 2 bits 3 bits 3 bits 3 bits 2 bits 2 bits 0/1/2/4 bytes 0/1/2/4 bytes Entry: # Heap = new-segment(64KB) # . . push args 68/push Heap/imm32 68/push 0x10000/imm32/64KB # . . call e8/call new-segment/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # initialize-trace-stream(256KB) # . . push args 68/push 0x40000/imm32/256KB # . . call e8/call initialize-trace-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # run tests if necessary, convert stdin if not # . prolog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # initialize heap # - if argc > 1 and argv[1] == "test", then return run_tests() # . argc > 1 81 7/subop/compare 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0/disp8 1/imm32 # compare *EBP 7e/jump-if-lesser-or-equal $run-main/disp8 # . argv[1] == "test" # . . push args 68/push "test"/imm32 ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) # . . call e8/call kernel-string-equal?/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check result 3d/compare-EAX-and 1/imm32 75/jump-if-not-equal $run-main/disp8 # . run-tests() e8/call run-tests/disp32 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . 3/r32/EBX Num-test-failures/disp32 # copy *Num-test-failures to EBX eb/jump $main:end/disp8 $run-main: # - otherwise convert stdin # var ed/EAX : exit-descriptor 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # subtract from ESP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EAX # configure ed to really exit() # . ed->target = 0 c7 0/subop/copy 0/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . . . 0/imm32 # copy to *EAX # return convert(Stdin, 1/stdout, 2/stderr, ed) # . . push args 50/push-EAX/ed 68/push Stderr/imm32 68/push Stdout/imm32 68/push Stdin/imm32 # . . call e8/call convert/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x10/imm32 # add to ESP # . syscall(exit, 0) bb/copy-to-EBX 0/imm32 $main:end: b8/copy-to-EAX 1/imm32/exit cd/syscall 0x80/imm8 # data structures: # segment-info: {address, file-offset, size} (12 bytes) # segments: (address stream {string, segment-info}) (16 bytes per row) # label-info: {segment-name, segment-offset, address} (12 bytes) # labels: (address stream {string, label-info}) (16 bytes per row) # these are all inefficient; use sequential scans for lookups convert: # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address buffered-file) -> # pseudocode # var segments = new-stream(10 rows, 16 bytes each) # var labels = new-stream(512 rows, 16 bytes each) # compute-offsets(in, segments, labels) # compute-addresses(segments, labels) # rewind-stream(in) # emit-output(in, out, segments, labels) # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers 51/push-ECX 52/push-EDX # var segments/ECX = stream(10 * 16) 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0xa0/imm32 # subtract from ESP 68/push 0xa0/imm32/length 68/push 0/imm32/read 68/push 0/imm32/write 89/copy 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ECX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to ECX # var labels/EDX = stream(512 * 16) 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x2000/imm32 # subtract from ESP 68/push 0x2000/imm32/length 68/push 0/imm32/read 68/push 0/imm32/write 89/copy 3/mod/direct 2/rm32/EDX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EDX # compute-offsets(in, segments, labels) # . . push args 52/push-EDX 51/push-ECX ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) # . . call e8/call compute-offsets/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to ESP # compute-addresses(segments, labels) # . . push args 52/push-EDX 51/push-ECX # . . call e8/call compute-addresses/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x10/imm32 # add to ESP # rewind-stream(in) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) # . . call e8/call rewind-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # emit-output(in, out, segments, labels) # . . push args 52/push-EDX 51/push-ECX ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0xc/disp8 . # push *(EBP+12) ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) # . . call e8/call emit-output/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x10/imm32 # add to ESP $convert:end: # . reclaim locals 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x214/imm32 # add to ESP # . restore registers 5a/pop-to-EDX 59/pop-to-ECX # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-convert-computes-addresses: # input: # == code 0x1 # ab x/imm32 # == data 0x1000 # x: # 01 # # trace contains (in any order): # label x is at address 0x1079 # segment code starts at address 0x74 # segment code has size 5 # segment data starts at address 0x1079 # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # setup # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4) # . . push args b8/copy-to-EAX _test-input-buffered-file/imm32 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 50/push-EAX # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-output-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4) # . . push args b8/copy-to-EAX _test-output-buffered-file/imm32 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 50/push-EAX # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # initialize input # . write(_test-input-stream, "== code 0x1\n") # . . push args 68/push "== code 0x1\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab x/imm32\n") # . . push args 68/push "ab x/imm32\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "== data 0x1000\n") # . . push args 68/push "== data 0x1000\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "x:\n") # . . push args 68/push "x:\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "01\n") # . . push args 68/push "01\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # convert(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file) # . . push args 68/push _test-output-buffered-file/imm32 68/push _test-input-buffered-file/imm32 # . . call e8/call convert/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # check trace # . check-trace-contains("label 'x' is at address 0x1079", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-convert-computes-addresses/0"/imm32 68/push "label 'x' is at address 0x1079"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("segment 'code' starts at address 0x74", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-convert-computes-addresses/1"/imm32 68/push "segment 'code' starts at address 0x74"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("segment 'code' has size 0x5", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-convert-computes-addresses/2"/imm32 68/push "segment 'code' has size 0x5"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("segment 'data' starts at address 0x1079", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-convert-computes-addresses/3"/imm32 68/push "segment 'data' starts at address 0x1079"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return is-label?: # word : (address slice) -> EAX : boolean # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers 51/push-ECX # ECX = word 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . 1/r32/ECX 8/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+8) to ECX # ECX = word->end 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 1/rm32/ECX . . . 1/r32/ECX 4/disp8 . # copy *(ECX+4) to ECX # *(word->end - 1) == ':' # . EAX = 0 31/xor 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 0/r32/EAX . . # clear EAX # . EAX = *((char *) word->end - 1) 8a/copy-byte 1/mod/*+disp8 1/rm32/ECX . . . 0/r32/AL -1/disp8 . # copy byte at *(ECX-1) to AL # . (word->end - 1)/EAX == ':' 3d/compare-EAX-and 3A/imm32/colon b8/copy-to-EAX 1/imm32/true 74/jump-if-equal $is-label?:end/disp8 b8/copy-to-EAX 0/imm32/false $is-label?:end: # . restore registers 59/pop-to-ECX # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-is-label?: # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP $test-is-label?:true: # var slice/ECX = slice("AAA:") 68/push _test-label-slice-end1/imm32 68/push _test-label-slice-start/imm32 89/copy 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ECX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to ECX # is-label?(slice/ECX) 51/push-ECX e8/call is-label?/disp32 # . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # check-ints-equal(EAX, 1, msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-is-label?:true"/imm32 68/push 1/imm32 50/push-EAX # . . call e8/call check-ints-equal/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to ESP $test-is-label?:false: # var slice/ECX = slice("AAA") 68/push _test-label-slice-end2/imm32 68/push _test-label-slice-start/imm32 89/copy 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ECX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to ECX # is-label?(slice/ECX) 51/push-ECX e8/call is-label?/disp32 # . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # check-ints-equal(EAX, 0, msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-is-label?:false"/imm32 68/push 0/imm32 50/push-EAX # . . call e8/call check-ints-equal/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return compute-offsets: # in : (address buffered-file), segments : (address stream {string, segment-info}), labels : (address stream {string, label-info}) # pseudocode: # var curr-segment-name = 0 # var file-offset = 0, segment-offset = 0 # var line = new-stream(512, 1) # while true # clear-stream(line) # read-line-buffered(in, line) # if (line->write == 0) break # end of file # while true # var word-slice = next-word(line) # if slice-empty?(word-slice) # end of line # break # if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "#") # comment # continue # if is-label?(word-slice) # x : (address number) = insert(labels, name) # *x = segment-offset # trace("label '", word-slice, "' is in segment '", curr-segment-name, "'") # trace("label '", word-slice, "' is at offset 0x", file-offset) # # labels occupy no space, so no need to increment offsets # continue # if slice-equal?(word-slice, "==") # curr-segment-name = next-word(line) # if slice-empty?(curr-segment-name) # abort # segment-start = next-word(line) # if slice-empty?(segment-start) # abort # seg = insert(segments, curr-segment-name) # seg->starting-address = parse-hex-int(segment-start) # seg->starting-offset = file-offset # trace("segment '", curr-segment-name, "' is at file offset 0x", seg->starting-offset) # trace("segment '", curr-segment-name, "' has size 0x", seg->starting-offset) # segment-offset = 0 # else # width = compute-width(word-slice) # segment-offset += width # file-offset += width # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers $compute-offsets:end: # . reclaim locals # . restore registers # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-compute-offsets: # input: # == code 0x1 # ab x/imm32 # == data 0x1000 # x: # 34 # # trace contains (in any order): # segment 'code' is at file offset 0x0 # segment 'code' has size 0x5 # segment 'data' is at file offset 0x5 # label 'x' is in segment 'data' # label 'x' is at offset 0x0 # segment 'data' has size 0x1 # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # setup # . clear-stream(_test-input-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # . clear-stream(_test-input-buffered-file+4) # . . push args b8/copy-to-EAX _test-input-buffered-file/imm32 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 50/push-EAX # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # . clear-stream(_test-output-stream) # . . push args 68/push _test-output-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # . clear-stream(_test-output-buffered-file+4) # . . push args b8/copy-to-EAX _test-output-buffered-file/imm32 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 50/push-EAX # . . call e8/call clear-stream/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP # var segments/ECX = stream(2 * 16) 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x20/imm32 # subtract from ESP 68/push 0x20/imm32/length 68/push 0/imm32/read 68/push 0/imm32/write 89/copy 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ECX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to ECX # var labels/EDX = stream(2 * 16) 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x20/imm32 # subtract from ESP 68/push 0x20/imm32/length 68/push 0/imm32/read 68/push 0/imm32/write 89/copy 3/mod/direct 2/rm32/EDX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EDX # initialize input # . write(_test-input-stream, "== code 0x1\n") # . . push args 68/push "== code 0x1\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "ab x/imm32\n") # . . push args 68/push "ab x/imm32\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "== data 0x1000\n") # . . push args 68/push "== data 0x1000\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "x:\n") # . . push args 68/push "x:\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . write(_test-input-stream, "34\n") # . . push args 68/push "34\n"/imm32 68/push _test-input-stream/imm32 # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # compute-offsets(_test-input-buffered-file, _test-output-buffered-file, segments, labels) # . . push args 52/push-EDX 51/push-ECX 68/push _test-output-buffered-file/imm32 68/push _test-input-buffered-file/imm32 # . . call e8/call compute-offsets/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x10/imm32 # add to ESP # check trace # . check-trace-contains("segment 'code' is at file offset 0x0", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-offsets/0"/imm32 68/push "segment 'code' is at file offset 0x0"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("segment 'code' has size 0x5", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-offsets/1"/imm32 68/push "segment 'code' has size 0x5"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("segment 'data' is at file offset 0x5", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-offsets/2"/imm32 68/push "segment 'data' is at file offset 0x5"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("segment 'data' has size 0x1", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-offsets/3"/imm32 68/push "segment 'data' has size 0x1"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("label 'x' is in segment 'data'", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-offsets/4"/imm32 68/push "label 'x' is in segment 'data'"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("label 'x' is at offset 0x0", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-offsets/5"/imm32 68/push "label 'x' is at offset 0x0"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return compute-addresses: # segments : (address stream {string, segment-info}), labels : (address stream {string, label-info}) # pseudocode: # s : (address segment-info) = segments->data # max = segments->data + segments->write # while true # if (s >= max) break # s->address &= 0xfffff000 # clear last 12 bits for p_align # s->address += (s->file-offset & 0x00000fff) # s += 16 # size of row # l : (address label-info) = labels->data # max = labels->data + labels->write # while true # if (l >= max) break # seg-name : (address string) = l->segment-name # label-seg : (address segment-info) = get-or-insert(segments, seg-name) # l->address = label-seg->address + l->segment-offset # l += 16 # size of row # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers 50/push-EAX 51/push-ECX 52/push-EDX 53/push-EBX 56/push-ESI # ESI = segments 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . 6/r32/ESI 8/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+8) to ESI # s/EAX = segments->data + 4 8d/copy-address 1/mod/*+disp8 6/rm32/ESI . . . 0/r32/EAX 4/disp8 . # copy ESI+16 to EAX # max/ECX = segments->data + segments->write 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 6/rm32/ESI . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy *ESI to ECX 01/add 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ECX . . . 6/r32/ESI . . # add ESI to ECX $compute-addresses:segment-loop: # if (s >= max) break 39/compare 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # compare EAX with ECX 73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned $compute-addresses:segment-break/disp8 # clear last 12 bits of s->address for p_align=0x1000 # . EDX = s->address 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 2/r32/EDX . . # copy *EAX to EDX # . EDX &= 0xfffff000 81 4/subop/and 3/mod/direct 2/rm32/EDX . . . . . 0xfffff000/imm32 # bitwise and of EDX # update last 12 bits from s->file-offset # . EBX = s->file-offset 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 0/rm32/EAX . . . 3/r32/EBX 4/disp8 . # copy *(EAX+4) to EBX # . EBX &= 0xfff 81 4/subop/and 3/mod/direct 3/rm32/EBX . . . . . 0x00000fff/imm32 # bitwise and of EBX # . s->address = EDX | EBX 09/or 3/mod/direct 2/rm32/EDX . . . 3/r32/EBX . . # EDX = bitwise OR with EBX 89/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 2/r32/EDX . . # copy EDX to *EAX # s += 16 # size of row 05/add-to-EAX 0x10/imm32 eb/jump $compute-addresses:segment-loop/disp8 $compute-addresses:segment-break: # ESI = labels 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . 6/r32/ESI 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+12) to ESI # lrow/EAX = labels->data 8d/copy-address 1/mod/*+disp8 6/rm32/ESI . . . 0/r32/EAX 0xc/disp8 . # copy ESI+12 to EAX # max/ECX = labels->data + labels->write 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 6/rm32/ESI . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy *ESI to ECX 01/add 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ECX . . . 6/r32/ESI . . # add ESI to ECX $compute-addresses:label-loop: # if (lrow >= max) break 39/compare 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # compare EAX with ECX 73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned $compute-addresses:end/disp8 # seg-name/EDX = lrow->segment-name 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 0/rm32/EAX . . . 2/r32/EDX 4/disp8 . # copy *EAX to EDX # label-seg/EDX : (address label-info) = get-or-insert(segments, seg-name, row-size=16) # . . push args 68/push 0x10/imm32/row-size 52/push-EDX ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) # . . call e8/call get-or-insert/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0xc/imm32 # add to ESP # EBX = label-seg->address 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 2/rm32/EDX . . . 3/r32/EBX . . # copy *EDX to EBX # EBX += lrow->segment-offset 03/add 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . 3/r32/EBX 8/disp8 . # add *(EAX+8) to EBX # lrow->address = EBX 89/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 0/rm32/EAX . . . 3/r32/EBX 0xc/disp8 . # copy EBX to *(EAX+12) # lrow += 16 # size of row 05/add-to-EAX 0x10/imm32 eb/jump $compute-addresses:label-loop/disp8 $compute-addresses:end: # . restore registers 5e/pop-to-ESI 5b/pop-to-EBX 5a/pop-to-EDX 59/pop-to-ECX 58/pop-to-EAX # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-compute-addresses: # segments: # - 'a': {0x1000, 0, 5} # - 'b': {0x500, 0, 1} # - 'c': {0x5444, 0, 12} # labels: # - 'l1': {'a', 3, 0} # - 'l2': {'b', 0, 0} # # trace contains (in any order): # segment 'a' starts at address 0x1074 # segment 'b' starts at address 0x579 # label 'l1' is at address 0x1077 # label 'l2' is at address 0x579 # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # setup # . var segments/ECX = stream(10 * 16) 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0xa0/imm32 # subtract from ESP 68/push 0xa0/imm32/length 68/push 0/imm32/read 68/push 0/imm32/write 89/copy 3/mod/direct 1/rm32/ECX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to ECX # . var labels/EDX = stream(512 * 16) 81 5/subop/subtract 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x2000/imm32 # subtract from ESP 68/push 0x2000/imm32/length 68/push 0/imm32/read 68/push 0/imm32/write 89/copy 3/mod/direct 2/rm32/EDX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EDX # . stream-add4(segments, "a", 0x1000, 0, 5) 68/push 5/imm32/segment-size 68/push 0/imm32/file-offset 68/push 0x1000/imm32/start-address 68/push "a"/imm32/segment-name 51/push-ECX # . . call e8/call stream-add4/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP # . stream-add4(segments, "b", 0x500, 0, 1) 68/push 1/imm32/segment-size 68/push 0/imm32/file-offset 68/push 0x500/imm32/start-address 68/push "b"/imm32/segment-name 51/push-ECX # . . call e8/call stream-add4/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP # . stream-add4(segments, "c", 0x5444, 0, 12) 68/push 0xc/imm32/segment-size 68/push 0/imm32/file-offset 68/push 0x5444/imm32/start-address 68/push "c"/imm32/segment-name 51/push-ECX # . . call e8/call stream-add4/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP # . stream-add4(labels, "l1", "a", 3, 0) 68/push 0/imm32/label-address 68/push 3/imm32/segment-offset 68/push "a"/imm32/segment-name 68/push "l1"/imm32/label-name 52/push-EDX # . . call e8/call stream-add4/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP # . stream-add4(labels, "l2", "b", 0, 0) 68/push 0/imm32/label-address 68/push 0/imm32/segment-offset 68/push "b"/imm32/segment-name 68/push "l2"/imm32/label-name 52/push-EDX # . . call e8/call stream-add4/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP # component under test # checks # . check-trace-contains("segment 'a' starts at address 0x1074", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-addresses/0"/imm32 68/push "segment 'a' starts at address 0x1074"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("segment 'b' starts at address 0x579", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-addresses/1"/imm32 68/push "segment 'data' starts at address 0x579"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("label 'l1' is at address 0x1077", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-addresses/2"/imm32 68/push "label 'l1' is at address 0x1077"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . check-trace-contains("label 'l2' is at address 0x579", msg) # . . push args 68/push "F - test-compute-addresses/3"/imm32 68/push "label 'l2' is at address 0x579"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return # - some helpers for tests stream-add4: # in : (address stream byte), key : address, val1 : address, val2 : address, val3 : address # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers 50/push-EAX 51/push-ECX 52/push-EDX 56/push-ESI # ESI = in 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . 6/r32/ESI 8/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+8) to ESI # curr/EAX = in->data + in->write # . EAX = in->write 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 6/rm32/ESI . . . 0/r32/EAX . . # copy *ESI to EAX # . EAX = ESI+EAX+12 8d/copy-address 1/mod/*+disp8 4/rm32/sib 6/base/ESI 0/index/EAX . 0/r32/EAX 0xc/disp8 . # copy ESI+EAX+12 to EAX # max/EDX = in->data + in->length # . EDX = in->length 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 6/rm32/ESI . . . 2/r32/EDX 8/disp8 . # copy *(ESI+8) to EDX # . EDX = ESI+EDX+12 8d/copy-address 1/mod/*+disp8 4/rm32/sib 6/base/ESI 2/index/EDX . 2/r32/EDX 0xc/disp8 . # copy ESI+EDX+12 to EDX # if (curr >= max) abort 39/compare 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 2/r32/EDX . . # compare EAX with EDX 73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned $stream-add4:abort/disp8 # *curr = key 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . 1/r32/ECX 0xc/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+12) to ECX 89/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy ECX to *EAX # curr += 4 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 # if (curr >= max) abort 39/compare 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 2/r32/EDX . . # compare EAX with EDX 73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned $stream-add4:abort/disp8 # *curr = val1 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . 1/r32/ECX 0x10/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+16) to ECX 89/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy ECX to *EAX # curr += 4 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 # if (curr >= max) abort 39/compare 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 2/r32/EDX . . # compare EAX with EDX 73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned $stream-add4:abort/disp8 # *curr = val2 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . 1/r32/ECX 0x14/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+20) to ECX 89/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy ECX to *EAX # curr += 4 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 # if (curr >= max) abort 39/compare 3/mod/direct 0/rm32/EAX . . . 2/r32/EDX . . # compare EAX with EDX 73/jump-if-greater-or-equal-unsigned $stream-add4:abort/disp8 # *curr = val3 8b/copy 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . 1/r32/ECX 0x18/disp8 . # copy *(EBP+24) to ECX 89/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy ECX to *EAX # in->write += 16 81 0/subop/add 0/mod/indirect 6/rm32/ESI . . . . . 0x10/imm32 # add to *ESI $stream-add4:end: # . restore registers 5e/pop-to-ESI 5a/pop-to-EDX 59/pop-to-ECX 58/pop-to-EAX # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return $stream-add4:abort: # . _write(2/stderr, error) # . . push args 68/push "overflow in stream-add4\n"/imm32 68/push 2/imm32/stderr # . . call e8/call _write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . syscall(exit, 1) bb/copy-to-EBX 1/imm32 b8/copy-to-EAX 1/imm32/exit cd/syscall 0x80/imm8 # never gets here # some variants of 'trace' that take multiple arguments in different combinations of types: # n: int # c: character [4-bytes, will eventually be UTF-8] # s: (address string) # l: (address slice) trace-sssns: # s1 : (address string), s2 : (address string), s3 : (address string), n4 : int, s5 : (address string) # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # write(*Trace-stream, s1) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write(*Trace-stream, s2) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0xc/disp8 . # push *(EBP+12) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write(*Trace-stream, s3) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x10/disp8 . # push *(EBP+16) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # print-int32(*Trace-stream, n4) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x14/disp8 . # push *(EBP+20) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call print-int32/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # trace(s5) # implicitly adds a newline and finalizes the trace line # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x18/disp8 . # push *(EBP+24) # . . call e8/call trace/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP $trace-sssns:end: # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-trace-sssns: # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # trace-sssns("A" "b" "c " 3 " e") # . . push args 68/push " e"/imm32 68/push 3/imm32 68/push "c "/imm32 68/push "b"/imm32 68/push "A"/imm32 # . . call e8/call trace-sssns/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP #? # dump *Trace-stream {{{ #? # . write(2/stderr, "^") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "^"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write-stream(2/stderr, *Trace-stream) #? # . . push args #? ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write-stream/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write(2/stderr, "$\n") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "$\n"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # }}} # check-trace-contains("Abc 0x00000003 e") # . . push args 68/push "F - test-trace-sssns"/imm32 68/push "Abc 0x00000003 e"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return trace-snsns: # s1 : (address string), n2 : int, s3 : (address string), n4 : int, s5 : (address string) # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # write(*Trace-stream, s1) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # print-int32(*Trace-stream, n2) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0xc/disp8 . # push *(EBP+12) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call print-int32/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write(*Trace-stream, s3) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x10/disp8 . # push *(EBP+16) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # print-int32(*Trace-stream, n4) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x14/disp8 . # push *(EBP+20) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call print-int32/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # trace(s5) # implicitly adds a newline and finalizes the trace line # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x18/disp8 . # push *(EBP+24) # . . call e8/call trace/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP $trace-snsns:end: # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-trace-snsns: # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # trace-snsns("A " 2 " c " 3 " e") # . . push args 68/push " e"/imm32 68/push 3/imm32 68/push " c "/imm32 68/push 2/imm32 68/push "A "/imm32 # . . call e8/call trace-snsns/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP #? # dump *Trace-stream {{{ #? # . write(2/stderr, "^") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "^"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write-stream(2/stderr, *Trace-stream) #? # . . push args #? ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write-stream/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write(2/stderr, "$\n") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "$\n"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # }}} # check-trace-contains("Abc 0x00000003 e") # . . push args 68/push "F - test-trace-snsns"/imm32 68/push "A 0x00000002 c 0x00000003 e"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return trace-slsls: # s1 : (address string), l2 : (address slice), s3 : (address string), l4 : (address slice), s5 : (address string) # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # write(*Trace-stream, s1) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write-slice(*Trace-stream, l2) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0xc/disp8 . # push *(EBP+12) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write-slice/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write(*Trace-stream, s3) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x10/disp8 . # push *(EBP+16) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write-slice(*Trace-stream, l4) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x14/disp8 . # push *(EBP+20) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write-slice/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # trace(s5) # implicitly adds a newline and finalizes the trace line # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x18/disp8 . # push *(EBP+24) # . . call e8/call trace/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP $trace-slsls:end: # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-trace-slsls: # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # (EAX..ECX) = "b" b8/copy-to-EAX "b"/imm32 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy *EAX to ECX 8d/copy-address 1/mod/*+disp8 4/rm32/sib 0/base/EAX 1/index/ECX . 1/r32/ECX 4/disp8 . # copy EAX+ECX+4 to ECX 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 # var b/EBX : (address slice) = {EAX, ECX} 51/push-ECX 50/push-EAX 89/copy 3/mod/direct 3/rm32/EBX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBX # (EAX..ECX) = "d" b8/copy-to-EAX "d"/imm32 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy *EAX to ECX 8d/copy-address 1/mod/*+disp8 4/rm32/sib 0/base/EAX 1/index/ECX . 1/r32/ECX 4/disp8 . # copy EAX+ECX+4 to ECX 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 # var d/EDX : (address slice) = {EAX, ECX} 51/push-ECX 50/push-EAX 89/copy 3/mod/direct 2/rm32/EDX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EDX # trace-slsls("A" b "c" d "e") # . . push args 68/push "e"/imm32 52/push-EDX 68/push "c"/imm32 53/push-EBX 68/push "A"/imm32 # . . call e8/call trace-slsls/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP #? # dump *Trace-stream {{{ #? # . write(2/stderr, "^") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "^"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write-stream(2/stderr, *Trace-stream) #? # . . push args #? ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write-stream/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write(2/stderr, "$\n") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "$\n"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # }}} # check-trace-contains("Abcde") # . . push args 68/push "F - test-trace-slsls"/imm32 68/push "Abcde"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return trace-slsns: # s1 : (address string), l2 : (address slice), s3 : (address string), n4 : int, s5 : (address string) # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # write(*Trace-stream, s1) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 8/disp8 . # push *(EBP+8) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write-slice(*Trace-stream, l2) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0xc/disp8 . # push *(EBP+12) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write-slice/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # write(*Trace-stream, s3) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x10/disp8 . # push *(EBP+16) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call write/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # print-int32(*Trace-stream, n4) # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x14/disp8 . # push *(EBP+20) ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream # . . call e8/call print-int32/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # trace(s5) # implicitly adds a newline and finalizes the trace line # . . push args ff 6/subop/push 1/mod/*+disp8 5/rm32/EBP . . . . 0x18/disp8 . # push *(EBP+24) # . . call e8/call trace/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 4/imm32 # add to ESP $trace-slsns:end: # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return test-trace-slsns: # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # (EAX..ECX) = "b" b8/copy-to-EAX "b"/imm32 8b/copy 0/mod/indirect 0/rm32/EAX . . . 1/r32/ECX . . # copy *EAX to ECX 8d/copy-address 1/mod/*+disp8 4/rm32/sib 0/base/EAX 1/index/ECX . 1/r32/ECX 4/disp8 . # copy EAX+ECX+4 to ECX 05/add-to-EAX 4/imm32 # var b/EBX : (address slice) = {EAX, ECX} 51/push-ECX 50/push-EAX 89/copy 3/mod/direct 3/rm32/EBX . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBX # trace-slsls("A" b "c " 3 " e") # . . push args 68/push " e"/imm32 68/push 3/imm32 68/push "c "/imm32 53/push-EBX 68/push "A"/imm32 # . . call e8/call trace-slsns/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 0x14/imm32 # add to ESP #? # dump *Trace-stream {{{ #? # . write(2/stderr, "^") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "^"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write-stream(2/stderr, *Trace-stream) #? # . . push args #? ff 6/subop/push 0/mod/indirect 5/rm32/.disp32 . . . Trace-stream/disp32 # push *Trace-stream #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write-stream/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # . write(2/stderr, "$\n") #? # . . push args #? 68/push "$\n"/imm32 #? 68/push 2/imm32/stderr #? # . . call #? e8/call write/disp32 #? # . . discard args #? 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP #? # }}} # check-trace-contains("Abc 0x00000003 e") # . . push args 68/push "F - test-trace-slsls"/imm32 68/push "Abc 0x00000003 e"/imm32 # . . call e8/call check-trace-contains/disp32 # . . discard args 81 0/subop/add 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . . . 8/imm32 # add to ESP # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return emit-output: # in : (address buffered-file), out : (address buffered-file), segments : (address stream {string, segment-info}), labels : (address stream {string, label-info}) # pseudocode: # emit-headers(out, segments, labels) # var offset-of-next-instruction = 0 # var line = new-stream(512, 1) # while true # clear-stream(line) # read-line-buffered(in, line) # if (line->write == 0) break # end of file # offset-of-next-instruction += num-bytes(line) # while true # var word-slice = next-word(line) # if slice-empty?(word-slice) # end of line # break # if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "#") # comment # break # if is-label?(word-slice) # no need for label declarations anymore # break # if slice-equal?(word-slice, "==") # break # no need for segment header lines # if length(word-slice) == 2 # write-slice-buffered(out, word-slice) # write-buffered(out, " ") # continue # datum = next-token(word-slice, "/") # info = get(labels, datum) # if has-metadata?(word-slice, "imm8") # abort # label should never go to imm8 # else if has-metadata?(word-slice, "imm32") # emit(out, info->address, 4) # else if has-metadata?(word-slice, "disp8") # value = info->offset - offset-of-next-instruction # emit(out, value, 1) # else if has-metadata?(word-slice, "disp32") # value = info->offset - offset-of-next-instruction # emit(out, value, 4) # else # abort # write-buffered(out, "\n") # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers $emit-output:end: # . reclaim locals # . restore registers # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return emit-headers: # out : (address buffered-file), segments : (address stream {string, segment-info}), labels : (address stream {string, label-info}) # pseudocode: # emit-elf-header(out, segments, labels) # curr-segment = segments->data # max = segments->data + segments->write # while true # if (curr-segment >= max) break # emit-elf-program-header-entry(curr-segment) # curr-segment += 20 # size of a row # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers $emit-headers:end: # . reclaim locals # . restore registers # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return emit-elf-header: # out : (address buffered-file), segments : (address stream {string, segment-info}), labels : (address stream {string, label-info}) # pseudocode # *Elf_e_entry = get(labels, "Entry")->address # *Elf_e_phnum = segments->write / 20 # size of a row # write(out, Elf_header) # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers $emit-elf-header:end: # . reclaim locals # . restore registers # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return emit-elf-program-header-entry: # curr-segment : {string, segment-info} # pseudocode: # *Elf_p_offset = curr-segment->file-offset # *Elf_p_vaddr = curr-segment->address # *Elf_p_paddr = curr-segment->address # *Elf_p_filesz = curr-segment->size # *Elf_p_memsz = curr-segment->size # if curr-segment->name == "code" # *Elf_p_flags = 5 # r-x # else # *Elf_p_flags = 6 # rw- # write(out, Elf_program_header_entry) # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers $emit-elf-program-header-entry:end: # . reclaim locals # . restore registers # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return num-bytes: # line : (address stream) -> EAX : int # pseudocode: # result = 0 # while true # var word-slice = next-word(line) # if slice-empty?(word-slice) # end of line # break # if slice-starts-with?(word-slice, "#") # comment # break # if is-label?(word-slice) # no need for label declarations anymore # break # if slice-equal?(word-slice, "==") # break # no need for segment header lines # result += compute-width(word-slice) # return result # # . prolog 55/push-EBP 89/copy 3/mod/direct 5/rm32/EBP . . . 4/r32/ESP . . # copy ESP to EBP # . save registers $num-bytes:end: # . reclaim locals # . restore registers # . epilog 89/copy 3/mod/direct 4/rm32/ESP . . . 5/r32/EBP . . # copy EBP to ESP 5d/pop-to-EBP c3/return == data Segment-size: 0x1000/imm32/4KB # This block of bytes gets copied to the start of the output ELF file, with # some fields filled in. # http://www.sco.com/developers/gabi/latest/ch4.eheader.html Elf_header: # - length 0x34/imm32 # - data $e_ident: 7f 45/E 4c/L 46/F 01/32-bit 01/little-endian 01/file-version 00/no-os-extensions 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 # 8 bytes of padding $e_type: 02 00 $e_machine: 03 00 $e_version: 1/imm32 Elf_e_entry: 0x09000000/imm32 # approximate default; must be updated $e_phoff: 0x34/imm32 # offset for the 'program header table' containing segment headers $e_shoff: 0/imm32 # no sections $e_flags: 0/imm32 # unused $e_ehsize: 0x34 00 $e_phentsize: 0x20 00 Elf_e_phnum: 00 00 # number of segments; must be updated $e_shentsize: 00 00 # no sections $e_shnum: 00 00 $e_shstrndx: 00 00 # This block of bytes gets copied after the Elf_header once for each segment. # Some fields need filling in each time. # https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19683-01/816-1386/chapter6-83432/index.html Elf_program_header_entry: # - length 0x20/imm32 # - data $p_type: 1/imm32/PT_LOAD Elf_p_offset: 0/imm32 # byte offset in the file at which a segment begins; must be updated Elf_p_vaddr: 0/imm32 # starting address to store the segment at before running the program Elf_p_paddr: 0/imm32 # should have same value as Elf_p_vaddr Elf_p_filesz: 0/imm32 Elf_p_memsz: 0/imm32 # should have same value as Elf_p_filesz Elf_p_flags: 6/imm32/rw- # read/write/execute permissions for the segment; must be updated for the code segment $p_align: # we hold this constant; changing it will require adjusting the way we # compute the starting address for each segment 0x1000/imm32 _test-label-slice-start: 41/A 41/A 41/A _test-label-slice-end2: 3A/: _test-label-slice-end1: # . . vim:nowrap:textwidth=0