# Comparing 'regular' length-prefixed strings.

== code
#   instruction                     effective address                                                   register    displacement    immediate
# . op          subop               mod             rm32          base        index         scale       r32
# . 1-3 bytes   3 bits              2 bits          3 bits        3 bits      3 bits        2 bits      2 bits      0/1/2/4 bytes   0/1/2/4 bytes

# main:
    # run-tests()
    e8/call  run-tests/disp32  # 'run-tests' is a function created automatically by SubX. It calls all functions that start with 'test-'.
    # syscall(exit, Num-test-failures)
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  5/rm32/.disp32            .             .           3/r32/EBX   Num-test-failures/disp32          # copy *Num-test-failures to EBX
    b8/copy-to-EAX  1/imm32/exit
    cd/syscall  0x80/imm8

string-equal:  # s : string, benchmark : string -> EAX : boolean
    # . prolog
    55/push-EBP
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    5/rm32/EBP    .           .             .           4/r32/ESP   .               .                 # copy ESP to EBP
    # . save registers
    51/push-ECX
    52/push-EDX
    53/push-EBX
    56/push-ESI
    # pseudocode:
    #   if s->length != b->length return false
    #   for i = 0;  i < s->length;  ++i
    #     if s[i] != b[i] return false
    #   return true
    # registers:
    #   i: ECX
    #   s->length: EDX
    #   b->length: EBX
    #   b[i]: EBX
    #   s[i]: EAX
    #
    # var s/EAX : (address array byte)
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    5/base/EBP  4/index/none  .           0/r32/EAX   8/disp8         .                 # copy *(EBP+8) to EAX
    # var benchmark/EBX : (address array byte)
    8b/copy                         1/mod/*+disp8   4/rm32/sib    5/base/EBP  4/index/none  .           3/r32/EBX   0xc/disp8       .                 # copy *(EBP+12) to EBX
    # if s->length != b->length return false
    # EDX = s->length
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/EAX    .           .             .           2/r32/EDX   .               .                 # copy *EAX to EDX
    # compare s->length and b->length
    39/compare                      0/mod/indirect  3/rm32/EBX    .           .             .           2/r32/EDX   .               .                 # compare *EBX with EDX
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $string-equal:false/disp8
$string-equal:lengths:
    # var i/ECX : int = 0
    b9/copy-to-ECX  0/imm32
    # EBX = &b[i]
    43/inc-EBX
    # EAX = &s[i]
    40/inc-EAX
$string-equal:loop:
    # if i >= s->length return true
    39/compare                      3/mod/direct    1/rm32/ECX    .           .             .           2/r32/EDX   .               .                 # compare ECX with EDX
    7d/jump-if-greater-or-equal  $string-equal:true/disp8
    # if b[i] != s[i] return false
    # ESI = s[i]
    8b/copy                         0/mod/indirect  0/rm32/EAX    .           .             .           6/r32/ESI   .               .                 # copy *EAX to ESI
    # compare b[i] with ESI
    39/compare                      0/mod/indirect  3/rm32/EBX    .           .             .           6/r32/ESI   .               .                 # compare *EBX with ESI
    75/jump-if-not-equal  $string-equal:false/disp8
    # ++i
    41/inc-ECX
    40/inc-EAX
    43/inc-EBX
    # loop
    eb/jump  $string-equal:loop/disp8
$string-equal:true:
    # return true
    b8/copy-to-EAX  1/imm32
    eb/jump  $string-equal:end/disp8
$string-equal:false:
    # return false
    b8/copy-to-EAX  0/imm32
$string-equal:end:
    # . restore registers
    5e/pop-to-ESI
    5b/pop-to-EBX
    5a/pop-to-EDX
    59/pop-to-ECX
    # . epilog
    89/copy                         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           5/r32/EBP   .               .                 # copy EBP to ESP
    5d/pop-to-EBP
    c3/return

# - tests

test-compare-empty-with-empty-string:
    # EAX = string-equal("", "")
    # . . push args
    68/push  ""/imm32
    68/push  ""/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  string-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
    # check-ints-equal(EAX, 1, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-compare-empty-with-empty-string"/imm32
    68/push  1/imm32/true
    50/push-EAX
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
    c3/return

test-compare-empty-with-non-empty-string:  # also checks length-mismatch code path
    # EAX = string-equal("", "Abc")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "Abc"/imm32
    68/push  ""/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  string-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
    # check-ints-equal(EAX, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-compare-empty-with-non-empty-string"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/false
    50/push-EAX
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
    c3/return

test-compare-equal-strings:
    # EAX = string-equal("Abc", "Abc")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "Abc"/imm32
    68/push  "Abc"/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  string-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
    # check-ints-equal(EAX, 1, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-compare-equal-strings"/imm32
    68/push  1/imm32/true
    50/push-EAX
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
    c3/return

test-compare-inequal-strings-equal-lengths:
    # EAX = string-equal("Abc", "Adc")
    # . . push args
    68/push  "Adc"/imm32
    68/push  "Abc"/imm32
    # . . call
    e8/call  string-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               8/imm32           # add to ESP
    # check-ints-equal(EAX, 0, msg)
    # . . push args
    68/push  "F - test-compare-inequal-strings-equal-lengths"/imm32
    68/push  0/imm32/false
    50/push-EAX
    # . . call
    e8/call  check-ints-equal/disp32
    # . . discard args
    81          0/subop/add         3/mod/direct    4/rm32/ESP    .           .             .           .           .               0xc/imm32         # add to ESP
    c3/return

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