mu/archive/1.vm/057immutable.cc

716 lines
24 KiB
C++

//: Ingredients of a recipe are meant to be immutable unless they're also
//: products. This layer will start enforcing this check.
//:
//: One hole for now: variables in surrounding spaces are implicitly mutable.
//: [tag: todo]
void test_can_modify_ingredients_that_are_also_products() {
run(
// mutable container
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:point <- merge 34, 35\n"
" p <- foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:point -> p:point [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" p <- put p, x:offset, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_can_modify_ingredients_that_are_also_products_2() {
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:point <- new point:type\n"
" p <- foo p\n"
"]\n"
// mutable address to container
"def foo p:&:point -> p:&:point [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" *p <- put *p, x:offset, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_can_modify_ingredients_that_are_also_products_3() {
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:@:num <- new number:type, 3\n"
" p <- foo p\n"
"]\n"
// mutable address
"def foo p:&:@:num -> p:&:@:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" *p <- put-index *p, 0, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_ignore_literal_ingredients_for_immutability_checks() {
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:d1 <- new d1:type\n"
" q:num <- foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:d1 -> q:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" x:&:d1 <- new d1:type\n"
" *x <- put *x, p:offset, 34\n" // ignore this 'p'
" return 36\n"
"]\n"
"container d1 [\n"
" p:num\n"
" q:num\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_cannot_modify_immutable_ingredients() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" x:&:num <- new number:type\n"
" foo x\n"
"]\n"
// immutable address to primitive
"def foo x:&:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" *x <- copy 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'x' in instruction '*x <- copy 34' because it's an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void test_cannot_modify_immutable_containers() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" x:point-number <- merge 34, 35, 36\n"
" foo x\n"
"]\n"
// immutable container
"def foo x:point-number [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
// copy an element: ok
" y:point <- get x, xy:offset\n"
// modify the element: boom
// This could be ok if y contains no addresses, but we're not going to try to be that smart.
// It also makes the rules easier to reason about. If it's just an ingredient, just don't try to change it.
" y <- put y, x:offset, 37\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'y' in instruction 'y <- put y, x:offset, 37' because that would modify 'x' which is an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void test_can_modify_immutable_pointers() {
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" x:&:num <- new number:type\n"
" foo x\n"
"]\n"
"def foo x:&:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
// modify the address, not the payload
" x <- copy null\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_can_modify_immutable_pointers_but_not_their_payloads() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" x:&:num <- new number:type\n"
" foo x\n"
"]\n"
"def foo x:&:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
// modify address: ok
" x <- new number:type\n"
// modify payload: boom
// this could be ok, but we're not going to try to be that smart
" *x <- copy 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'x' in instruction '*x <- copy 34' because it's an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void test_cannot_call_mutating_recipes_on_immutable_ingredients() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:point <- new point:type\n"
" foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:point [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" bar p\n"
"]\n"
"def bar p:&:point -> p:&:point [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
// p could be modified here, but it doesn't have to be; it's already
// marked mutable in the header
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'p' in instruction 'bar p' because it's an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void test_cannot_modify_copies_of_immutable_ingredients() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:point <- new point:type\n"
" foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:point [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" q:&:point <- copy p\n"
" *q <- put *q, x:offset, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'q' in instruction '*q <- put *q, x:offset, 34' because that would modify p which is an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void test_can_modify_copies_of_mutable_ingredients() {
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:point <- new point:type\n"
" foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:point -> p:&:point [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" q:&:point <- copy p\n"
" *q <- put *q, x:offset, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_cannot_modify_address_inside_immutable_ingredients() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"container foo [\n"
" x:&:@:num\n" // contains an address
"]\n"
"def main [\n"
"]\n"
"def foo a:&:foo [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" x:&:@:num <- get *a, x:offset\n" // just a regular get of the container
" *x <- put-index *x, 0, 34\n" // but then a put-index on the result
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'x' in instruction '*x <- put-index *x, 0, 34' because that would modify a which is an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void test_cannot_modify_address_inside_immutable_ingredients_2() {
run(
"container foo [\n"
" x:&:@:num\n" // contains an address
"]\n"
"def main [\n"
// don't run anything
"]\n"
"def foo a:&:foo [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" b:foo <- merge null\n"
// modify b, completely unrelated to immutable ingredient a
" x:&:@:num <- get b, x:offset\n"
" *x <- put-index *x, 0, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_cannot_modify_address_inside_immutable_ingredients_3() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"def main [\n"
// don't run anything
"]\n"
"def foo a:&:@:&:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" x:&:num <- index *a, 0\n" // just a regular index of the array
" *x <- copy 34\n" // but then modify the result
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'x' in instruction '*x <- copy 34' because that would modify a which is an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void test_cannot_modify_address_inside_immutable_ingredients_4() {
run(
"def main [\n"
// don't run anything
"]\n"
"def foo a:&:@:&:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" b:&:@:&:num <- new {(address number): type}, 3\n"
// modify b, completely unrelated to immutable ingredient a
" x:&:num <- index *b, 0\n"
" *x <- copy 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_latter_ingredient_of_index_is_immutable() {
run(
"def main [\n"
// don't run anything
"]\n"
"def foo a:&:@:&:@:num, b:num -> a:&:@:&:@:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" x:&:@:num <- index *a, b\n"
" *x <- put-index *x, 0, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_can_traverse_immutable_ingredients() {
run(
"container test-list [\n"
" next:&:test-list\n"
"]\n"
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:test-list <- new test-list:type\n"
" foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:test-list [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" p2:&:test-list <- bar p\n"
"]\n"
"def bar x:&:test-list -> y:&:test-list [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" y <- get *x, next:offset\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_treat_optional_ingredients_as_mutable() {
run(
"def main [\n"
" k:&:num <- new number:type\n"
" test k\n"
"]\n"
// recipe taking an immutable address ingredient
"def test k:&:num [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" foo k\n"
"]\n"
// ..calling a recipe with an optional address ingredient
"def foo -> [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" k:&:num, found?:bool <- next-ingredient\n"
// we don't further check k for immutability, but assume it's mutable
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_treat_optional_ingredients_as_mutable_2() {
Hide_errors = true;
run(
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:point <- new point:type\n"
" foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:point [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" bar p\n"
"]\n"
"def bar [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" p:&:point <- next-ingredient\n" // optional ingredient; assumed to be mutable
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'p' in instruction 'bar p' because it's an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
//: when checking for immutable ingredients, remember to take space into account
void test_check_space_of_reagents_in_immutability_checks() {
run(
"def main [\n"
" a:space/names:new-closure <- new-closure\n"
" b:&:num <- new number:type\n"
" run-closure b:&:num, a:space\n"
"]\n"
"def new-closure [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" x:&:num <- new number:type\n"
" return default-space/names:new-closure\n"
"]\n"
"def run-closure x:&:num, s:space/names:new-closure [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" 0:space/names:new-closure <- copy s\n"
// different space; always mutable
" *x:&:num/space:1 <- copy 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
:(before "End Transforms")
Transform.push_back(check_immutable_ingredients); // idempotent
:(code)
void check_immutable_ingredients(const recipe_ordinal r) {
// to ensure an address reagent isn't modified, it suffices to show that
// a) we never write to its contents directly,
// b) we never call 'put' or 'put-index' on it, and
// c) any non-primitive recipe calls in the body aren't returning it as a product
const recipe& caller = get(Recipe, r);
trace(101, "transform") << "--- check mutability of ingredients in recipe " << caller.name << end();
if (!caller.has_header) return; // skip check for old-style recipes calling next-ingredient directly
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE(caller.ingredients); ++i) {
const reagent& current_ingredient = caller.ingredients.at(i);
if (is_present_in_products(caller, current_ingredient.name)) continue; // not expected to be immutable
// End Immutable Ingredients Special-cases
set<reagent, name_and_space_lt> immutable_vars;
immutable_vars.insert(current_ingredient);
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE(caller.steps); ++i) {
const instruction& inst = caller.steps.at(i);
check_immutable_ingredient_in_instruction(inst, immutable_vars, current_ingredient.name, caller);
if (inst.operation == INDEX && SIZE(inst.ingredients) > 1 && inst.ingredients.at(1).name == current_ingredient.name) continue;
update_aliases(inst, immutable_vars);
}
}
}
void update_aliases(const instruction& inst, set<reagent, name_and_space_lt>& current_ingredient_and_aliases) {
set<int> current_ingredient_indices = ingredient_indices(inst, current_ingredient_and_aliases);
if (!contains_key(Recipe, inst.operation)) {
// primitive recipe
switch (inst.operation) {
case COPY:
for (set<int>::iterator p = current_ingredient_indices.begin(); p != current_ingredient_indices.end(); ++p)
current_ingredient_and_aliases.insert(inst.products.at(*p).name);
break;
case GET:
case INDEX:
case MAYBE_CONVERT:
// current_ingredient_indices can only have 0 or one value
if (!current_ingredient_indices.empty() && !inst.products.empty()) {
if (is_mu_address(inst.products.at(0)) || is_mu_container(inst.products.at(0)) || is_mu_exclusive_container(inst.products.at(0)))
current_ingredient_and_aliases.insert(inst.products.at(0));
}
break;
default: break;
}
}
else {
// defined recipe
set<int> contained_in_product_indices = scan_contained_in_product_indices(inst, current_ingredient_indices);
for (set<int>::iterator p = contained_in_product_indices.begin(); p != contained_in_product_indices.end(); ++p) {
if (*p < SIZE(inst.products))
current_ingredient_and_aliases.insert(inst.products.at(*p));
}
}
}
set<int> scan_contained_in_product_indices(const instruction& inst, set<int>& ingredient_indices) {
set<reagent, name_and_space_lt> selected_ingredients;
const recipe& callee = get(Recipe, inst.operation);
for (set<int>::iterator p = ingredient_indices.begin(); p != ingredient_indices.end(); ++p) {
if (*p >= SIZE(callee.ingredients)) continue; // optional immutable ingredient
selected_ingredients.insert(callee.ingredients.at(*p));
}
set<int> result;
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE(callee.products); ++i) {
const reagent& current_product = callee.products.at(i);
const string_tree* contained_in_name = property(current_product, "contained-in");
if (contained_in_name && selected_ingredients.find(contained_in_name->value) != selected_ingredients.end())
result.insert(i);
}
return result;
}
bool is_mu_container(const reagent& r) {
return is_mu_container(r.type);
}
bool is_mu_container(const type_tree* type) {
if (!type) return false;
if (!type->atom)
return is_mu_container(get_base_type(type));
if (type->value == 0) return false;
if (!contains_key(Type, type->value)) return false; // error raised elsewhere
type_info& info = get(Type, type->value);
return info.kind == CONTAINER;
}
bool is_mu_exclusive_container(const reagent& r) {
return is_mu_exclusive_container(r.type);
}
bool is_mu_exclusive_container(const type_tree* type) {
if (!type) return false;
if (!type->atom)
return is_mu_exclusive_container(get_base_type(type));
if (type->value == 0) return false;
if (!contains_key(Type, type->value)) return false; // error raised elsewhere
type_info& info = get(Type, type->value);
return info.kind == EXCLUSIVE_CONTAINER;
}
:(before "End Types")
// reagent comparison -- only in the context of a single recipe
struct name_and_space_lt {
bool operator()(const reagent& a, const reagent& b) const;
};
:(code)
bool name_and_space_lt::operator()(const reagent& a, const reagent& b) const {
int aspace = 0, bspace = 0;
if (has_property(a, "space")) aspace = to_integer(property(a, "space")->value);
if (has_property(b, "space")) bspace = to_integer(property(b, "space")->value);
if (aspace != bspace) return aspace < bspace;
return a.name < b.name;
}
void test_immutability_infects_contained_in_variables() {
Hide_errors = true;
transform(
"container test-list [\n"
" value:num\n"
" next:&:test-list\n"
"]\n"
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:test-list <- new test-list:type\n"
" foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:test-list [\n" // p is immutable
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" p2:&:test-list <- test-next p\n" // p2 is immutable
" *p2 <- put *p2, value:offset, 34\n"
"]\n"
"def test-next x:&:test-list -> y:&:test-list/contained-in:x [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" y <- get *x, next:offset\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_CONTENTS(
"error: foo: cannot modify 'p2' in instruction '*p2 <- put *p2, value:offset, 34' because that would modify p which is an ingredient of recipe foo but not also a product\n"
);
}
void check_immutable_ingredient_in_instruction(const instruction& inst, const set<reagent, name_and_space_lt>& current_ingredient_and_aliases, const string& original_ingredient_name, const recipe& caller) {
// first check if the instruction is directly modifying something it shouldn't
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE(inst.products); ++i) {
if (has_property(inst.products.at(i), "lookup")
&& current_ingredient_and_aliases.find(inst.products.at(i)) != current_ingredient_and_aliases.end()) {
string current_product_name = inst.products.at(i).name;
if (current_product_name == original_ingredient_name)
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "cannot modify '" << current_product_name << "' in instruction '" << to_original_string(inst) << "' because it's an ingredient of recipe " << caller.name << " but not also a product\n" << end();
else
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "cannot modify '" << current_product_name << "' in instruction '" << to_original_string(inst) << "' because that would modify " << original_ingredient_name << " which is an ingredient of recipe " << caller.name << " but not also a product\n" << end();
return;
}
}
// check if there's any indirect modification going on
set<int> current_ingredient_indices = ingredient_indices(inst, current_ingredient_and_aliases);
if (current_ingredient_indices.empty()) return; // ingredient not found in call
for (set<int>::iterator p = current_ingredient_indices.begin(); p != current_ingredient_indices.end(); ++p) {
const int current_ingredient_index = *p;
reagent current_ingredient = inst.ingredients.at(current_ingredient_index);
canonize_type(current_ingredient);
const string& current_ingredient_name = current_ingredient.name;
if (!contains_key(Recipe, inst.operation)) {
// primitive recipe
// we got here only because we got an instruction with an implicit product, and the instruction didn't explicitly spell it out
// put x, y:offset, z
// instead of
// x <- put x, y:offset, z
if (inst.operation == PUT || inst.operation == PUT_INDEX) {
if (current_ingredient_index == 0) {
if (current_ingredient_name == original_ingredient_name)
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "cannot modify '" << current_ingredient_name << "' in instruction '" << to_original_string(inst) << "' because it's an ingredient of recipe " << caller.name << " but not also a product\n" << end();
else
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "cannot modify '" << current_ingredient_name << "' in instruction '" << to_original_string(inst) << "' because that would modify '" << original_ingredient_name << "' which is an ingredient of recipe " << caller.name << " but not also a product\n" << end();
}
}
}
else {
// defined recipe
if (is_modified_in_recipe(inst.operation, current_ingredient_index, caller)) {
if (current_ingredient_name == original_ingredient_name)
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "cannot modify '" << current_ingredient_name << "' in instruction '" << to_original_string(inst) << "' because it's an ingredient of recipe " << caller.name << " but not also a product\n" << end();
else
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "cannot modify '" << current_ingredient_name << "' in instruction '" << to_original_string(inst) << "' because that would modify '" << original_ingredient_name << "' which is an ingredient of recipe " << caller.name << " but not also a product\n" << end();
}
}
}
}
bool is_modified_in_recipe(const recipe_ordinal r, const int ingredient_index, const recipe& caller) {
const recipe& callee = get(Recipe, r);
if (!callee.has_header) {
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "can't check mutability of ingredients in recipe " << callee.name << " because it uses 'next-ingredient' directly, rather than a recipe header.\n" << end();
return true;
}
if (ingredient_index >= SIZE(callee.ingredients)) return false; // optional immutable ingredient
return is_present_in_products(callee, callee.ingredients.at(ingredient_index).name);
}
bool is_present_in_products(const recipe& callee, const string& ingredient_name) {
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE(callee.products); ++i) {
if (callee.products.at(i).name == ingredient_name)
return true;
}
return false;
}
set<int> ingredient_indices(const instruction& inst, const set<reagent, name_and_space_lt>& ingredient_names) {
set<int> result;
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE(inst.ingredients); ++i) {
if (is_literal(inst.ingredients.at(i))) continue;
if (ingredient_names.find(inst.ingredients.at(i)) != ingredient_names.end())
result.insert(i);
}
return result;
}
//: Sometimes you want to pass in two addresses, one pointing inside the
//: other. For example, you want to delete a node from a linked list. You
//: can't pass both pointers back out, because if a caller tries to make both
//: identical then you can't tell which value will be written on the way out.
//:
//: Experimental solution: just tell Mu that one points inside the other.
//: This way we can return just one pointer as high up as necessary to capture
//: all modifications performed by a recipe.
//:
//: We'll see if we end up wanting to abuse /contained-in for other reasons.
void test_can_modify_contained_in_addresses() {
transform(
"container test-list [\n"
" value:num\n"
" next:&:test-list\n"
"]\n"
"def main [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" p:&:test-list <- new test-list:type\n"
" foo p\n"
"]\n"
"def foo p:&:test-list -> p:&:test-list [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" p2:&:test-list <- test-next p\n"
" p <- test-remove p2, p\n"
"]\n"
"def test-next x:&:test-list -> y:&:test-list [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" y <- get *x, next:offset\n"
"]\n"
"def test-remove x:&:test-list/contained-in:from, from:&:test-list -> from:&:test-list [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" *x <- put *x, value:offset, 34\n" // can modify x
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
:(before "End Immutable Ingredients Special-cases")
if (has_property(current_ingredient, "contained-in")) {
const string_tree* tmp = property(current_ingredient, "contained-in");
if (!tmp->atom
|| (!is_present_in_ingredients(caller, tmp->value)
&& !is_present_in_products(caller, tmp->value))) {
raise << maybe(caller.name) << "/contained-in can only point to another ingredient or product, but got '" << to_string(property(current_ingredient, "contained-in")) << "'\n" << end();
}
continue;
}
:(code)
void test_contained_in_product() {
transform(
"container test-list [\n"
" value:num\n"
" next:&:test-list\n"
"]\n"
"def foo x:&:test-list/contained-in:result -> result:&:test-list [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" result <- copy null\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}
void test_contained_in_is_mutable() {
transform(
"container test-list [\n"
" value:num\n"
" next:&:test-list\n"
"]\n"
"def foo x:&:test-list/contained-in:result -> result:&:test-list [\n"
" local-scope\n"
" load-ingredients\n"
" result <- copy x\n"
" put *x, value:offset, 34\n"
"]\n"
);
CHECK_TRACE_COUNT("error", 0);
}