blog fix date: Swap on SSD done right

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title: Swap on SSD done right
date: 2020-07-26
date: 2020-08-01 12:00
tags: 100DaysToOffload
summary: SSDs are fragile and swaps can be damaging. But they can live happily together.
status: published

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@ -53,12 +53,12 @@
<dl>
<dt>Wed 30 December 2020</dt>
<dd><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/silent-rage-quits.html">Silent Rage Quits</a></dd>
<dt>Sat 01 August 2020</dt>
<dd><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html">Swap on SSD done right</a></dd>
<dt>Tue 28 July 2020</dt>
<dd><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html">Decentralized Internet is More Reliable</a></dd>
<dt>Sun 26 July 2020</dt>
<dd><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/deleting-amazon-account.html">Deleting Amazon account</a></dd>
<dt>Sun 26 July 2020</dt>
<dd><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html">Swap on SSD done right</a></dd>
<dt>Fri 24 July 2020</dt>
<dd><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html">Digital Cleansing - Mastodon</a></dd>
<dt>Wed 22 July 2020</dt>

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@ -79,6 +79,22 @@ Asking for help, opinions and experiences of others is important for making educ
<h1>Other articles</h1>
<ol id="posts-list" class="hfeed">
<li><article class="hentry">
<header>
<h1><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html" rel="bookmark"
title="Permalink to Swap on SSD done right">Swap on SSD done right</a></h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<footer class="post-info">
<span>Sat 01 August 2020</span>
<span>| in <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/category/tech.html">Tech</a></span>
<span>| tags: <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/tag/100daystooffload.html">100DaysToOffload</a></span> <span>| Day <strong>12</strong> of #100DaysToOffload</span>
</footer><!-- /.post-info --> </div><!-- /.entry-content -->
</article></li>
<li><article class="hentry">
<header>
<h1><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html" rel="bookmark"
@ -108,22 +124,6 @@ Asking for help, opinions and experiences of others is important for making educ
<span>| tags: <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/tag/100daystooffload.html">100DaysToOffload</a></span> <span>| Day <strong>9</strong> of #100DaysToOffload</span>
</footer><!-- /.post-info --> </div><!-- /.entry-content -->
</article></li>
<li><article class="hentry">
<header>
<h1><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html" rel="bookmark"
title="Permalink to Swap on SSD done right">Swap on SSD done right</a></h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<footer class="post-info">
<span>Sun 26 July 2020</span>
<span>| in <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/category/tech.html">Tech</a></span>
<span>| tags: <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/tag/100daystooffload.html">100DaysToOffload</a></span> <span>| Day <strong>12</strong> of #100DaysToOffload</span>
</footer><!-- /.post-info --> </div><!-- /.entry-content -->
</article></li>

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<aside id="featured" class="body">
<article>
<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html">Decentralized Internet is More Reliable</a></h1>
<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html">Swap on SSD done right</a></h1>
<footer class="post-info">
<span>Tue 28 July 2020</span>
<span>Sat 01 August 2020</span>
<span>| in <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/category/tech.html">Tech</a></span>
<span>| tags: <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/tag/100daystooffload.html">100DaysToOffload</a></span> <span>| Day <strong>10</strong> of #100DaysToOffload</span>
<span>| tags: <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/tag/100daystooffload.html">100DaysToOffload</a></span> <span>| Day <strong>12</strong> of #100DaysToOffload</span>
</footer><!-- /.post-info --><h1>Introduction</h1>
<p>I was looking for a way to explain decentralized internet to my family. Then Yarmo Mackenbach came up with the idea of <a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf" title="Explain Like I Use Facebook">ELIUF</a>. A decentralized attempt to explain concept, advantages and disadvantages of decentralized internet to people using centralized platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, etc.</p>
<p>From power surge to aged hardware, bug in software to cyber attack, there are many reasons a system may fail. Neither centralized or decentralized systems are %100 safe from failures.</p>
</footer><!-- /.post-info --><p>TL;DR : If you have SSD and need swap, you should use swapspace daemon for healthier SSD. Btw, you want SSD and you need swap.</p>
<p>Note: I expect you to be familiar with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory">RAM</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging#Unix_and_Unix-like_systems">swap</a> and concept of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging">paging</a>.</p>
<p>Here is the short edition:<br>
<strong>RAM</strong> is fast memory for currently running programs.<br>
<strong>Swap</strong> is kinda like backup RAM. In case of RAM is filling up, swap will be uyilized to move less often accessed data off the RAM.<br>
<strong>Paging</strong> is moving data between RAM and swap memory. It occurs when RAM is close to full and needs emptying into the swap or when a data in swap is needed in RAM.</p>
<p>Since swap is located on HDD or SSD, it is much slower than RAM and we want to utilize RAM as much as we can. But sometimes RAM fills up and computer runs into <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out_of_memory" title="Out Of Memory"><strong>OOM</strong></a> state. Even though it is slow, swap can be a life (or work) saver in such cases. </p>
<h3>Estimated Memory Speeds</h3>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Device Type</th>
<th>Speed (MB/s)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>HDD</td>
<td>100</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SSD - SATA</td>
<td>560</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SSD - NVMe</td>
<td>2000-3000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RAM DDR2</td>
<td>3000-8000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RAM DDR3</td>
<td>8000-12000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RAM DDR4</td>
<td>19000-35000</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Data of RAM speeds is from <a href="https://www.crucial.com/support/memory-speeds-compatability">this article of Crucial</a>. HDD and SSD speeds are commonly observed speeds. Not from the Crucial's testing.</p>
<p>You definitely want swap memory to avoid possible OOM issue. You also may want to use SSD for swap memory since it is much faster than HDD or your computer only has SSD. But SSDs have one weak spot. Storage blocks of the SSD that is being read and wrote 100s of times will fail. Thankfully SSDs got smarter. Instead of using a single block too often and causing it to die early, SSDs tend to utilize every block equally. This is called Garbage Collection. And together with <a href="https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=Q15wN8JC2L4" title="Techquickie video on overprovisioning">overprovisioning</a>, they increase longevity of the SSD.</p>
<p>I don't think fixed swap partitions and files are good for SSD's health. We need a system to dynamically allocate swap. So that swap file will be erased when notneeded and created in lesser degraded blocks when needed.</p>
<h1>Meet Swapspace</h1>
<p><a href="http://manpages.org/swapspace/8" title="read manpage">Swapspace</a> is a background service that understands swap needs and either creates or removes swap files on the fly.</p>
<p>Swapspace is available on many <em>local repos</em>, <em>AUR</em> and on <a href="https://github.com/Tookmund/Swapspace"><em>GitHub</em></a>. </p>
<hr>
<h1>System failure</h1>
<h2>Centralized Systems</h2>
<p>There is a central server that stores every data required to offer a service. Any failure in the central server may cause it to go out of service. Any maintenace such as updating software or replacing aged hardware may require powering server off thus putting it out of service. </p>
<h2>Decentralized Systems</h2>
<p>In a decentralized network, there are multiple servers and each of them store only the data for their own clients. Servers communicate with each other if they need to get data stored in some other server. If any server fails or goes to maintenance, only the clients connected to that server will lose service. Rest of the network will continue to function as usual. That being said, any attempts to communicate with failed server will fail too.</p>
<hr>
<h1>Cyber attacks</h1>
<p>User credentials (such as emails, passwords, bank card numbers) and user data (such as profile pictures, birthday videos, phone numbers) uploaded to server are stored by the server and they make an attractive target for cyber criminals.</p>
<h2>Centralized Systems</h2>
<p>All the data is available from central server. Cyber attacks put every single user's data in danger.</p>
<h2>Decentralized Systems</h2>
<p>There is no server that has access to every data of every user. When servers are communicating, they only share minimum amount of data required. User credentials (email and password) are only known by the server user is connected to. If a server is attacked by cyber criminals, only the users of that server will get affected. Users on the other servers of the network won't be affected by the attack. That being said, all the communications made to attacked server may also be visible to attackers.</p>
<hr>
<h3>Redundancy isn't decentralization</h3>
<p>Both centralized and decentralized platfroms may utilize redundancy servers to avoid going entirely out of service in case of server failure. Facebook for instance deploys multiple data centers in different countries. So if one of the data center goes to maintenance, users connected to it will be routed to other data centers and continue to receive the service without down time.<br>
Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.</p>
<hr>
<h1>Conclusion</h1>
<p>Decentralization doesn't make a server more durable or secure. Every server, regardless of whether a part of centralized or decentralized network, is prone to failures and cyber attacks. Decentralization reduces the impact and limits the number of users being affected.</p>
<hr>
<h2>ELIUF posts elsewhere on the internet</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf">ELIUF: Explain Like I Use Facebook</a> by <a href="https://yarmo.eu/">Yarmo Mackenbach</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.garron.blog/posts/eliuf.html">How to decentralize the Internet</a> by <a href="https://www.garron.blog/about.html">Guillermo Garron</a></li>
</ul><!-- Comments -->
<p><strong>Note</strong>: How aggressively the Kernel should use swap memory can be controlled via a value called swappiness. Read about <a href="https://www.howtogeek.com/449691/what-is-swapiness-on-linux-and-how-to-change-it/">changing swappiness</a> for better RAM utilization.</p><!-- Comments -->
<hr>
<h2>Comments</h2>
<p>Toot on <a href="https://fosstodon.org/@murtezayesil/104591271530394013">this thread</a> to comment. This blog is a static site. Comments won't appear here.</p>
<p>Toot on <a href="https://fosstodon.org/@murtezayesil/104613505063011977">this thread</a> to comment. This blog is a static site. Comments won't appear here.</p>
</article>
</aside><!-- /#featured -->
<section id="content" class="body">
@ -97,15 +118,15 @@ Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.</p>
<li><article class="hentry">
<header>
<h1><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html" rel="bookmark"
title="Permalink to Swap on SSD done right">Swap on SSD done right</a></h1>
<h1><a href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html" rel="bookmark"
title="Permalink to Decentralized Internet is More Reliable">Decentralized Internet is More Reliable</a></h1>
</header>
<div class="entry-content">
<footer class="post-info">
<span>Sun 26 July 2020</span>
<span>Tue 28 July 2020</span>
<span>| in <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/category/tech.html">Tech</a></span>
<span>| tags: <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/tag/100daystooffload.html">100DaysToOffload</a></span> <span>| Day <strong>12</strong> of #100DaysToOffload</span>
<span>| tags: <a href="https://murtezayesil.me/tag/100daystooffload.html">100DaysToOffload</a></span> <span>| Day <strong>10</strong> of #100DaysToOffload</span>
</footer><!-- /.post-info --> </div><!-- /.entry-content -->

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@ -11,47 +11,7 @@ Asking for help, opinions and experiences of others is important for making educ
&lt;p&gt;In case you are wondering what I rage quitted, it is computer programming (or at least CS degree). After spending 4 years in 2 different universities in 2 different countries and hearing about what programming languages to learn, which online courses to take, what programs to write, how much mark to get, how many hours to sit on the arse and practise coding, practising for interviews, solving puzzles on Leetcode, memorizing a tone of formulas for no other reason than they will be asked in the exam, what should one aim for ...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Maybe you think I got it all wrong and annoyed and frustrated for no good reason. If you don't recall this feeling, I am happy for you. I hope you never experience it.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you find accountability very motivational and working for you then I am glad for you. Let the world know and help you to reach your goals.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Personal"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Decentralized Internet is More Reliable</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-28:/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Every system is prone to failure and will face down time. Decentralization avoids total system failure.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h1&gt;Introduction&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I was looking for a way to explain decentralized internet to my family. Then Yarmo Mackenbach came up with the idea of &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf" title="Explain Like I Use Facebook"&gt;ELIUF&lt;/a&gt;. A decentralized attempt to explain concept, advantages and disadvantages of decentralized internet to people using centralized platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, etc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;From power surge to aged hardware, bug in software to cyber attack, there are many reasons a system may fail. Neither centralized or decentralized systems are %100 safe from failures.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;System failure&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a central server that stores every data required to offer a service. Any failure in the central server may cause it to go out of service. Any maintenace such as updating software or replacing aged hardware may require powering server off thus putting it out of service. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In a decentralized network, there are multiple servers and each of them store only the data for their own clients. Servers communicate with each other if they need to get data stored in some other server. If any server fails or goes to maintenance, only the clients connected to that server will lose service. Rest of the network will continue to function as usual. That being said, any attempts to communicate with failed server will fail too.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Cyber attacks&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;User credentials (such as emails, passwords, bank card numbers) and user data (such as profile pictures, birthday videos, phone numbers) uploaded to server are stored by the server and they make an attractive target for cyber criminals.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All the data is available from central server. Cyber attacks put every single user's data in danger.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is no server that has access to every data of every user. When servers are communicating, they only share minimum amount of data required. User credentials (email and password) are only known by the server user is connected to. If a server is attacked by cyber criminals, only the users of that server will get affected. Users on the other servers of the network won't be affected by the attack. That being said, all the communications made to attacked server may also be visible to attackers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Redundancy isn't decentralization&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Both centralized and decentralized platfroms may utilize redundancy servers to avoid going entirely out of service in case of server failure. Facebook for instance deploys multiple data centers in different countries. So if one of the data center goes to maintenance, users connected to it will be routed to other data centers and continue to receive the service without down time.&lt;br&gt;
Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Decentralization doesn't make a server more durable or secure. Every server, regardless of whether a part of centralized or decentralized network, is prone to failures and cyber attacks. Decentralization reduces the impact and limits the number of users being affected.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;ELIUF posts elsewhere on the internet&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf"&gt;ELIUF: Explain Like I Use Facebook&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/"&gt;Yarmo Mackenbach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/posts/eliuf.html"&gt;How to decentralize the Internet&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/about.html"&gt;Guillermo Garron&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Deleting Amazon account</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/deleting-amazon-account.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-26T21:15:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-26T21:15:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-26:/deleting-amazon-account.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Deleting Amazon account has more steps (friction) than I would like. But not impossible.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;p&gt;I call it "deleting account", Amazon calls it "closing account". I used them interchangibly in this post.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you set your mind to delete (or close) your account, don't let too many steps discourage you. I understand that some people run their businesses on AWS and deleting their Amazon account will also delete AWS servers connected to that account. Amazon has given me 2 warnings about it and accepted to delete my account anyway. I wasn't invested in Amazon ecosystem and never used AWS anyway.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;According my experience, here are the steps you may need to go through:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Click on &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html" title="Currently this page"&gt;Help&lt;/a&gt; in the page footer and search for "close account".&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;You will be presented with an article that warns you about Amazon services you will lose access to. Read and make sure you stopped using those services already.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;There is "&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; To close your account, please &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/hz/contact-us/request-data"&gt;Contact Us&lt;/a&gt; to request that your account be closed." at the very end of the help page. Click on "Contact Us" to continue.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;If not yet logged in you will be asked to, login. Choose email for communication. There is also an option to call but I don't know how would that go since I don't live in US or Canada.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;They will send the same help article with a bit more information and links to make sure you stopped using everything such as AWS, Alexa, Kindle Publishing, Prime video, Amazon Music etc. Near the end of email you will see "If you still want to close your Amazon.com account after reviewing the items above, please click this link and state that you want to close your account: &lt;em&gt;Some Link&lt;/em&gt;", click on the link.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;It will open a page with a text box. Write why you want to close your account and submit. If you are not sure what to write and also feeling adventurous, you can copy paste this link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;They will email you within 24 hours either for more instructions or to tell you that your account is closed.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: Depending on where you live or how many Amazon services you used, you may need to go through more steps.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Notes"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Swap on SSD done right</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-26T00:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-26T00:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-26:/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;SSDs are fragile and swaps can be damaging. But they can live happily together.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;p&gt;TL;DR : If you have SSD and need swap, you should use swapspace daemon for healthier SSD. Btw, you want SSD and you need swap.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you find accountability very motivational and working for you then I am glad for you. Let the world know and help you to reach your goals.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Personal"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Swap on SSD done right</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-08-01T12:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-08-01T12:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-08-01:/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;SSDs are fragile and swaps can be damaging. But they can live happily together.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;p&gt;TL;DR : If you have SSD and need swap, you should use swapspace daemon for healthier SSD. Btw, you want SSD and you need swap.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note: I expect you to be familiar with &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory"&gt;RAM&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging#Unix_and_Unix-like_systems"&gt;swap&lt;/a&gt; and concept of &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging"&gt;paging&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Here is the short edition:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;RAM&lt;/strong&gt; is fast memory for currently running programs.&lt;br&gt;
@ -100,7 +60,47 @@ Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.&lt;/p&g
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://manpages.org/swapspace/8" title="read manpage"&gt;Swapspace&lt;/a&gt; is a background service that understands swap needs and either creates or removes swap files on the fly.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Swapspace is available on many &lt;em&gt;local repos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;AUR&lt;/em&gt; and on &lt;a href="https://github.com/Tookmund/Swapspace"&gt;&lt;em&gt;GitHub&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: How aggressively the Kernel should use swap memory can be controlled via a value called swappiness. Read about &lt;a href="https://www.howtogeek.com/449691/what-is-swapiness-on-linux-and-how-to-change-it/"&gt;changing swappiness&lt;/a&gt; for better RAM utilization.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Digital Cleansing - Mastodon</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-24:/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Centralized microblogging platforms are rich in user data and attractive to cyber criminals. I recommend decentralized alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h2&gt;Microblogging&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: How aggressively the Kernel should use swap memory can be controlled via a value called swappiness. Read about &lt;a href="https://www.howtogeek.com/449691/what-is-swapiness-on-linux-and-how-to-change-it/"&gt;changing swappiness&lt;/a&gt; for better RAM utilization.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Decentralized Internet is More Reliable</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-28:/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Every system is prone to failure and will face down time. Decentralization avoids total system failure.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h1&gt;Introduction&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I was looking for a way to explain decentralized internet to my family. Then Yarmo Mackenbach came up with the idea of &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf" title="Explain Like I Use Facebook"&gt;ELIUF&lt;/a&gt;. A decentralized attempt to explain concept, advantages and disadvantages of decentralized internet to people using centralized platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, etc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;From power surge to aged hardware, bug in software to cyber attack, there are many reasons a system may fail. Neither centralized or decentralized systems are %100 safe from failures.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;System failure&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a central server that stores every data required to offer a service. Any failure in the central server may cause it to go out of service. Any maintenace such as updating software or replacing aged hardware may require powering server off thus putting it out of service. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In a decentralized network, there are multiple servers and each of them store only the data for their own clients. Servers communicate with each other if they need to get data stored in some other server. If any server fails or goes to maintenance, only the clients connected to that server will lose service. Rest of the network will continue to function as usual. That being said, any attempts to communicate with failed server will fail too.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Cyber attacks&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;User credentials (such as emails, passwords, bank card numbers) and user data (such as profile pictures, birthday videos, phone numbers) uploaded to server are stored by the server and they make an attractive target for cyber criminals.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All the data is available from central server. Cyber attacks put every single user's data in danger.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is no server that has access to every data of every user. When servers are communicating, they only share minimum amount of data required. User credentials (email and password) are only known by the server user is connected to. If a server is attacked by cyber criminals, only the users of that server will get affected. Users on the other servers of the network won't be affected by the attack. That being said, all the communications made to attacked server may also be visible to attackers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Redundancy isn't decentralization&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Both centralized and decentralized platfroms may utilize redundancy servers to avoid going entirely out of service in case of server failure. Facebook for instance deploys multiple data centers in different countries. So if one of the data center goes to maintenance, users connected to it will be routed to other data centers and continue to receive the service without down time.&lt;br&gt;
Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Decentralization doesn't make a server more durable or secure. Every server, regardless of whether a part of centralized or decentralized network, is prone to failures and cyber attacks. Decentralization reduces the impact and limits the number of users being affected.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;ELIUF posts elsewhere on the internet&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf"&gt;ELIUF: Explain Like I Use Facebook&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/"&gt;Yarmo Mackenbach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/posts/eliuf.html"&gt;How to decentralize the Internet&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/about.html"&gt;Guillermo Garron&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Deleting Amazon account</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/deleting-amazon-account.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-26T21:15:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-26T21:15:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-26:/deleting-amazon-account.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Deleting Amazon account has more steps (friction) than I would like. But not impossible.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;p&gt;I call it "deleting account", Amazon calls it "closing account". I used them interchangibly in this post.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;If you set your mind to delete (or close) your account, don't let too many steps discourage you. I understand that some people run their businesses on AWS and deleting their Amazon account will also delete AWS servers connected to that account. Amazon has given me 2 warnings about it and accepted to delete my account anyway. I wasn't invested in Amazon ecosystem and never used AWS anyway.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;According my experience, here are the steps you may need to go through:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Click on &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html" title="Currently this page"&gt;Help&lt;/a&gt; in the page footer and search for "close account".&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;You will be presented with an article that warns you about Amazon services you will lose access to. Read and make sure you stopped using those services already.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;There is "&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; To close your account, please &lt;a href="https://www.amazon.com/hz/contact-us/request-data"&gt;Contact Us&lt;/a&gt; to request that your account be closed." at the very end of the help page. Click on "Contact Us" to continue.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;If not yet logged in you will be asked to, login. Choose email for communication. There is also an option to call but I don't know how would that go since I don't live in US or Canada.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;They will send the same help article with a bit more information and links to make sure you stopped using everything such as AWS, Alexa, Kindle Publishing, Prime video, Amazon Music etc. Near the end of email you will see "If you still want to close your Amazon.com account after reviewing the items above, please click this link and state that you want to close your account: &lt;em&gt;Some Link&lt;/em&gt;", click on the link.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;It will open a page with a text box. Write why you want to close your account and submit. If you are not sure what to write and also feeling adventurous, you can copy paste this link : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;They will email you within 24 hours either for more instructions or to tell you that your account is closed.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: Depending on where you live or how many Amazon services you used, you may need to go through more steps.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Notes"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Digital Cleansing - Mastodon</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-24:/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Centralized microblogging platforms are rich in user data and attractive to cyber criminals. I recommend decentralized alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h2&gt;Microblogging&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microblogging" title="Read in more details on Wikipedia"&gt;Microblogging&lt;/a&gt; is blogging smaller but usually more frequent updates. Microblogging platforms put some limitaions like the number of characters, photo size and video length in their platforms. Constraints make people to get creative to craft short and brief posts.&lt;br&gt;
These platforms take away the hustle of maintaining your blog and reduce the friction to start writing/sharing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Do you know someone who uses a microblogging platform?&lt;br&gt;

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><title>Ali Murteza Yesil - Tech</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/" rel="alternate"></link><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/feeds/tech.atom.xml" rel="self"></link><id>https://murtezayesil.me/</id><updated>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</updated><subtitle>Blog</subtitle><entry><title>Decentralized Internet is More Reliable</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-28:/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Every system is prone to failure and will face down time. Decentralization avoids total system failure.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h1&gt;Introduction&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I was looking for a way to explain decentralized internet to my family. Then Yarmo Mackenbach came up with the idea of &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf" title="Explain Like I Use Facebook"&gt;ELIUF&lt;/a&gt;. A decentralized attempt to explain concept, advantages and disadvantages of decentralized internet to people using centralized platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, etc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;From power surge to aged hardware, bug in software to cyber attack, there are many reasons a system may fail. Neither centralized or decentralized systems are %100 safe from failures.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;System failure&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a central server that stores every data required to offer a service. Any failure in the central server may cause it to go out of service. Any maintenace such as updating software or replacing aged hardware may require powering server off thus putting it out of service. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In a decentralized network, there are multiple servers and each of them store only the data for their own clients. Servers communicate with each other if they need to get data stored in some other server. If any server fails or goes to maintenance, only the clients connected to that server will lose service. Rest of the network will continue to function as usual. That being said, any attempts to communicate with failed server will fail too.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Cyber attacks&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;User credentials (such as emails, passwords, bank card numbers) and user data (such as profile pictures, birthday videos, phone numbers) uploaded to server are stored by the server and they make an attractive target for cyber criminals.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All the data is available from central server. Cyber attacks put every single user's data in danger.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is no server that has access to every data of every user. When servers are communicating, they only share minimum amount of data required. User credentials (email and password) are only known by the server user is connected to. If a server is attacked by cyber criminals, only the users of that server will get affected. Users on the other servers of the network won't be affected by the attack. That being said, all the communications made to attacked server may also be visible to attackers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Redundancy isn't decentralization&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Both centralized and decentralized platfroms may utilize redundancy servers to avoid going entirely out of service in case of server failure. Facebook for instance deploys multiple data centers in different countries. So if one of the data center goes to maintenance, users connected to it will be routed to other data centers and continue to receive the service without down time.&lt;br&gt;
Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Decentralization doesn't make a server more durable or secure. Every server, regardless of whether a part of centralized or decentralized network, is prone to failures and cyber attacks. Decentralization reduces the impact and limits the number of users being affected.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;ELIUF posts elsewhere on the internet&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf"&gt;ELIUF: Explain Like I Use Facebook&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/"&gt;Yarmo Mackenbach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/posts/eliuf.html"&gt;How to decentralize the Internet&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/about.html"&gt;Guillermo Garron&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Swap on SSD done right</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-26T00:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-26T00:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-26:/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;SSDs are fragile and swaps can be damaging. But they can live happily together.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;p&gt;TL;DR : If you have SSD and need swap, you should use swapspace daemon for healthier SSD. Btw, you want SSD and you need swap.&lt;/p&gt;
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><title>Ali Murteza Yesil - Tech</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/" rel="alternate"></link><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/feeds/tech.atom.xml" rel="self"></link><id>https://murtezayesil.me/</id><updated>2020-08-01T12:00:00+06:00</updated><subtitle>Blog</subtitle><entry><title>Swap on SSD done right</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-08-01T12:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-08-01T12:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-08-01:/swap-on-ssd-done-right.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;SSDs are fragile and swaps can be damaging. But they can live happily together.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;p&gt;TL;DR : If you have SSD and need swap, you should use swapspace daemon for healthier SSD. Btw, you want SSD and you need swap.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Note: I expect you to be familiar with &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory"&gt;RAM&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging#Unix_and_Unix-like_systems"&gt;swap&lt;/a&gt; and concept of &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging"&gt;paging&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Here is the short edition:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;RAM&lt;/strong&gt; is fast memory for currently running programs.&lt;br&gt;
@ -76,7 +48,35 @@ Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.&lt;/p&g
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://manpages.org/swapspace/8" title="read manpage"&gt;Swapspace&lt;/a&gt; is a background service that understands swap needs and either creates or removes swap files on the fly.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Swapspace is available on many &lt;em&gt;local repos&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;AUR&lt;/em&gt; and on &lt;a href="https://github.com/Tookmund/Swapspace"&gt;&lt;em&gt;GitHub&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: How aggressively the Kernel should use swap memory can be controlled via a value called swappiness. Read about &lt;a href="https://www.howtogeek.com/449691/what-is-swapiness-on-linux-and-how-to-change-it/"&gt;changing swappiness&lt;/a&gt; for better RAM utilization.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Digital Cleansing - Mastodon</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-24:/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Centralized microblogging platforms are rich in user data and attractive to cyber criminals. I recommend decentralized alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h2&gt;Microblogging&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note&lt;/strong&gt;: How aggressively the Kernel should use swap memory can be controlled via a value called swappiness. Read about &lt;a href="https://www.howtogeek.com/449691/what-is-swapiness-on-linux-and-how-to-change-it/"&gt;changing swappiness&lt;/a&gt; for better RAM utilization.&lt;/p&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Decentralized Internet is More Reliable</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-28T12:00:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-28:/decentralized-internet-is-more-reliable.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Every system is prone to failure and will face down time. Decentralization avoids total system failure.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h1&gt;Introduction&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;I was looking for a way to explain decentralized internet to my family. Then Yarmo Mackenbach came up with the idea of &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf" title="Explain Like I Use Facebook"&gt;ELIUF&lt;/a&gt;. A decentralized attempt to explain concept, advantages and disadvantages of decentralized internet to people using centralized platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, WhatsApp, etc.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;From power surge to aged hardware, bug in software to cyber attack, there are many reasons a system may fail. Neither centralized or decentralized systems are %100 safe from failures.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;System failure&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a central server that stores every data required to offer a service. Any failure in the central server may cause it to go out of service. Any maintenace such as updating software or replacing aged hardware may require powering server off thus putting it out of service. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In a decentralized network, there are multiple servers and each of them store only the data for their own clients. Servers communicate with each other if they need to get data stored in some other server. If any server fails or goes to maintenance, only the clients connected to that server will lose service. Rest of the network will continue to function as usual. That being said, any attempts to communicate with failed server will fail too.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Cyber attacks&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;User credentials (such as emails, passwords, bank card numbers) and user data (such as profile pictures, birthday videos, phone numbers) uploaded to server are stored by the server and they make an attractive target for cyber criminals.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Centralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;All the data is available from central server. Cyber attacks put every single user's data in danger.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Decentralized Systems&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is no server that has access to every data of every user. When servers are communicating, they only share minimum amount of data required. User credentials (email and password) are only known by the server user is connected to. If a server is attacked by cyber criminals, only the users of that server will get affected. Users on the other servers of the network won't be affected by the attack. That being said, all the communications made to attacked server may also be visible to attackers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;Redundancy isn't decentralization&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Both centralized and decentralized platfroms may utilize redundancy servers to avoid going entirely out of service in case of server failure. Facebook for instance deploys multiple data centers in different countries. So if one of the data center goes to maintenance, users connected to it will be routed to other data centers and continue to receive the service without down time.&lt;br&gt;
Redundancy is a good way to ensure reliable network but also costly one.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Decentralization doesn't make a server more durable or secure. Every server, regardless of whether a part of centralized or decentralized network, is prone to failures and cyber attacks. Decentralization reduces the impact and limits the number of users being affected.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;ELIUF posts elsewhere on the internet&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/post/eliuf"&gt;ELIUF: Explain Like I Use Facebook&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://yarmo.eu/"&gt;Yarmo Mackenbach&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/posts/eliuf.html"&gt;How to decentralize the Internet&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="https://www.garron.blog/about.html"&gt;Guillermo Garron&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</content><category term="Tech"></category><category term="100DaysToOffload"></category></entry><entry><title>Digital Cleansing - Mastodon</title><link href="https://murtezayesil.me/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html" rel="alternate"></link><published>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</published><updated>2020-07-24T15:23:00+06:00</updated><author><name>Ali Murteza Yesil</name></author><id>tag:murtezayesil.me,2020-07-24:/digital-cleansing-mastodon.html</id><summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Centralized microblogging platforms are rich in user data and attractive to cyber criminals. I recommend decentralized alternatives.&lt;/p&gt;</summary><content type="html">&lt;h2&gt;Microblogging&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microblogging" title="Read in more details on Wikipedia"&gt;Microblogging&lt;/a&gt; is blogging smaller but usually more frequent updates. Microblogging platforms put some limitaions like the number of characters, photo size and video length in their platforms. Constraints make people to get creative to craft short and brief posts.&lt;br&gt;
These platforms take away the hustle of maintaining your blog and reduce the friction to start writing/sharing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Do you know someone who uses a microblogging platform?&lt;br&gt;

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@ -79,6 +79,22 @@ Asking for help, opinions and experiences of others is important for making educ
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<span>Sat 01 August 2020</span>
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