// Copyright 2019 The Hugo Authors. All rights reserved. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. package hugolib import ( "context" "io" "path/filepath" "sort" "strings" "sync" "sync/atomic" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/hugofs/glob" "github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/identity" radix "github.com/armon/go-radix" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/output" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/parser/metadecoders" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/common/para" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/hugofs" "github.com/pkg/errors" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/source" "github.com/bep/gitmap" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/config" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/publisher" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/common/herrors" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/common/loggers" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/deps" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/helpers" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/langs" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/lazy" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/langs/i18n" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources/page" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources/page/pagemeta" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/tpl" "github.com/gohugoio/hugo/tpl/tplimpl" ) // HugoSites represents the sites to build. Each site represents a language. type HugoSites struct { Sites []*Site multilingual *Multilingual // Multihost is set if multilingual and baseURL set on the language level. multihost bool // If this is running in the dev server. running bool // Serializes rebuilds when server is running. runningMu sync.Mutex // Render output formats for all sites. renderFormats output.Formats *deps.Deps gitInfo *gitInfo // As loaded from the /data dirs data map[string]interface{} contentInit sync.Once content *pageMaps // Keeps track of bundle directories and symlinks to enable partial rebuilding. ContentChanges *contentChangeMap // File change events with filename stored in this map will be skipped. skipRebuildForFilenamesMu sync.Mutex skipRebuildForFilenames map[string]bool init *hugoSitesInit workers *para.Workers numWorkers int *fatalErrorHandler *testCounters } // ShouldSkipFileChangeEvent allows skipping filesystem event early before // the build is started. func (h *HugoSites) ShouldSkipFileChangeEvent(ev fsnotify.Event) bool { h.skipRebuildForFilenamesMu.Lock() defer h.skipRebuildForFilenamesMu.Unlock() return h.skipRebuildForFilenames[ev.Name] } func (h *HugoSites) getContentMaps() *pageMaps { h.contentInit.Do(func() { h.content = newPageMaps(h) }) return h.content } // Only used in tests. type testCounters struct { contentRenderCounter uint64 } func (h *testCounters) IncrContentRender() { if h == nil { return } atomic.AddUint64(&h.contentRenderCounter, 1) } type fatalErrorHandler struct { mu sync.Mutex h *HugoSites err error done bool donec chan bool // will be closed when done } // FatalError error is used in some rare situations where it does not make sense to // continue processing, to abort as soon as possible and log the error. func (f *fatalErrorHandler) FatalError(err error) { f.mu.Lock() defer f.mu.Unlock() if !f.done { f.done = true close(f.donec) } f.err = err } func (f *fatalErrorHandler) getErr() error { f.mu.Lock() defer f.mu.Unlock() return f.err } func (f *fatalErrorHandler) Done() <-chan bool { return f.donec } type hugoSitesInit struct { // Loads the data from all of the /data folders. data *lazy.Init // Performs late initialization (before render) of the templates. layouts *lazy.Init // Loads the Git info for all the pages if enabled. gitInfo *lazy.Init // Maps page translations. translations *lazy.Init } func (h *hugoSitesInit) Reset() { h.data.Reset() h.layouts.Reset() h.gitInfo.Reset() h.translations.Reset() } func (h *HugoSites) Data() map[string]interface{} { if _, err := h.init.data.Do(); err != nil { h.SendError(errors.Wrap(err, "failed to load data")) return nil } return h.data } func (h *HugoSites) gitInfoForPage(p page.Page) (*gitmap.GitInfo, error) { if _, err := h.init.gitInfo.Do(); err != nil { return nil, err } if h.gitInfo == nil { return nil, nil } return h.gitInfo.forPage(p), nil } func (h *HugoSites) siteInfos() page.Sites { infos := make(page.Sites, len(h.Sites)) for i, site := range h.Sites { infos[i] = site.Info } return infos } func (h *HugoSites) pickOneAndLogTheRest(errors []error) error { if len(errors) == 0 { return nil } var i int for j, err := range errors { // If this is in server mode, we want to return an error to the client // with a file context, if possible. if herrors.UnwrapErrorWithFileContext(err) != nil { i = j break } } // Log the rest, but add a threshold to avoid flooding the log. const errLogThreshold = 5 for j, err := range errors { if j == i || err == nil { continue } if j >= errLogThreshold { break } h.Log.Errorln(err) } return errors[i] } func (h *HugoSites) IsMultihost() bool { return h != nil && h.multihost } // TODO(bep) consolidate func (h *HugoSites) LanguageSet() map[string]int { set := make(map[string]int) for i, s := range h.Sites { set[s.language.Lang] = i } return set } func (h *HugoSites) NumLogErrors() int { if h == nil { return 0 } return int(h.Log.LogCounters().ErrorCounter.Count()) } func (h *HugoSites) PrintProcessingStats(w io.Writer) { stats := make([]*helpers.ProcessingStats, len(h.Sites)) for i := 0; i < len(h.Sites); i++ { stats[i] = h.Sites[i].PathSpec.ProcessingStats } helpers.ProcessingStatsTable(w, stats...) } // GetContentPage finds a Page with content given the absolute filename. // Returns nil if none found. func (h *HugoSites) GetContentPage(filename string) page.Page { var p page.Page h.getContentMaps().walkBundles(func(b *contentNode) bool { if b.p == nil || b.fi == nil { return false } if b.fi.Meta().Filename == filename { p = b.p return true } return false }) return p } // NewHugoSites creates a new collection of sites given the input sites, building // a language configuration based on those. func newHugoSites(cfg deps.DepsCfg, sites ...*Site) (*HugoSites, error) { if cfg.Language != nil { return nil, errors.New("Cannot provide Language in Cfg when sites are provided") } // Return error at the end. Make the caller decide if it's fatal or not. var initErr error langConfig, err := newMultiLingualFromSites(cfg.Cfg, sites...) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to create language config") } var contentChangeTracker *contentChangeMap numWorkers := config.GetNumWorkerMultiplier() if numWorkers > len(sites) { numWorkers = len(sites) } var workers *para.Workers if numWorkers > 1 { workers = para.New(numWorkers) } h := &HugoSites{ running: cfg.Running, multilingual: langConfig, multihost: cfg.Cfg.GetBool("multihost"), Sites: sites, workers: workers, numWorkers: numWorkers, skipRebuildForFilenames: make(map[string]bool), init: &hugoSitesInit{ data: lazy.New(), layouts: lazy.New(), gitInfo: lazy.New(), translations: lazy.New(), }, } h.fatalErrorHandler = &fatalErrorHandler{ h: h, donec: make(chan bool), } h.init.data.Add(func() (interface{}, error) { err := h.loadData(h.PathSpec.BaseFs.Data.Dirs) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to load data") } return nil, nil }) h.init.layouts.Add(func() (interface{}, error) { for _, s := range h.Sites { if err := s.Tmpl().(tpl.TemplateManager).MarkReady(); err != nil { return nil, err } } return nil, nil }) h.init.translations.Add(func() (interface{}, error) { if len(h.Sites) > 1 { allTranslations := pagesToTranslationsMap(h.Sites) assignTranslationsToPages(allTranslations, h.Sites) } return nil, nil }) h.init.gitInfo.Add(func() (interface{}, error) { err := h.loadGitInfo() if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "failed to load Git info") } return nil, nil }) for _, s := range sites { s.h = h } var l configLoader if err := l.applyDeps(cfg, sites...); err != nil { initErr = errors.Wrap(err, "add site dependencies") } h.Deps = sites[0].Deps // Only needed in server mode. // TODO(bep) clean up the running vs watching terms if cfg.Running { contentChangeTracker = &contentChangeMap{ pathSpec: h.PathSpec, symContent: make(map[string]map[string]bool), leafBundles: radix.New(), branchBundles: make(map[string]bool), } h.ContentChanges = contentChangeTracker } return h, initErr } func (h *HugoSites) loadGitInfo() error { if h.Cfg.GetBool("enableGitInfo") { gi, err := newGitInfo(h.Cfg) if err != nil { h.Log.Errorln("Failed to read Git log:", err) } else { h.gitInfo = gi } } return nil } func (l configLoader) applyDeps(cfg deps.DepsCfg, sites ...*Site) error { if cfg.TemplateProvider == nil { cfg.TemplateProvider = tplimpl.DefaultTemplateProvider } if cfg.TranslationProvider == nil { cfg.TranslationProvider = i18n.NewTranslationProvider() } var ( d *deps.Deps err error ) for _, s := range sites { if s.Deps != nil { continue } onCreated := func(d *deps.Deps) error { s.Deps = d // Set up the main publishing chain. pub, err := publisher.NewDestinationPublisher( d.ResourceSpec, s.outputFormatsConfig, s.mediaTypesConfig, ) if err != nil { return err } s.publisher = pub if err := s.initializeSiteInfo(); err != nil { return err } d.Site = s.Info siteConfig, err := l.loadSiteConfig(s.language) if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "load site config") } s.siteConfigConfig = siteConfig pm := &pageMap{ contentMap: newContentMap(contentMapConfig{ lang: s.Lang(), taxonomyConfig: s.siteCfg.taxonomiesConfig.Values(), taxonomyDisabled: !s.isEnabled(page.KindTerm), taxonomyTermDisabled: !s.isEnabled(page.KindTaxonomy), pageDisabled: !s.isEnabled(page.KindPage), }), s: s, } s.PageCollections = newPageCollections(pm) s.siteRefLinker, err = newSiteRefLinker(s.language, s) return err } cfg.Language = s.language cfg.MediaTypes = s.mediaTypesConfig cfg.OutputFormats = s.outputFormatsConfig if d == nil { cfg.WithTemplate = s.withSiteTemplates(cfg.WithTemplate) var err error d, err = deps.New(cfg) if err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "create deps") } d.OutputFormatsConfig = s.outputFormatsConfig if err := onCreated(d); err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "on created") } if err = d.LoadResources(); err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "load resources") } } else { d, err = d.ForLanguage(cfg, onCreated) if err != nil { return err } d.OutputFormatsConfig = s.outputFormatsConfig } } return nil } // NewHugoSites creates HugoSites from the given config. func NewHugoSites(cfg deps.DepsCfg) (*HugoSites, error) { if cfg.Logger == nil { cfg.Logger = loggers.NewErrorLogger() } sites, err := createSitesFromConfig(cfg) if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "from config") } return newHugoSites(cfg, sites...) } func (s *Site) withSiteTemplates(withTemplates ...func(templ tpl.TemplateManager) error) func(templ tpl.TemplateManager) error { return func(templ tpl.TemplateManager) error { for _, wt := range withTemplates { if wt == nil { continue } if err := wt(templ); err != nil { return err } } return nil } } func createSitesFromConfig(cfg deps.DepsCfg) ([]*Site, error) { var sites []*Site languages := getLanguages(cfg.Cfg) for _, lang := range languages { if lang.Disabled { continue } var s *Site var err error cfg.Language = lang s, err = newSite(cfg) if err != nil { return nil, err } sites = append(sites, s) } return sites, nil } // Reset resets the sites and template caches etc., making it ready for a full rebuild. func (h *HugoSites) reset(config *BuildCfg) { if config.ResetState { for i, s := range h.Sites { h.Sites[i] = s.reset() if r, ok := s.Fs.Destination.(hugofs.Reseter); ok { r.Reset() } } } h.fatalErrorHandler = &fatalErrorHandler{ h: h, donec: make(chan bool), } h.init.Reset() } // resetLogs resets the log counters etc. Used to do a new build on the same sites. func (h *HugoSites) resetLogs() { h.Log.Reset() loggers.GlobalErrorCounter.Reset() for _, s := range h.Sites { s.Deps.Log.Reset() s.Deps.LogDistinct.Reset() } } func (h *HugoSites) withSite(fn func(s *Site) error) error { if h.workers == nil { for _, s := range h.Sites { if err := fn(s); err != nil { return err } } return nil } g, _ := h.workers.Start(context.Background()) for _, s := range h.Sites { s := s g.Run(func() error { return fn(s) }) } return g.Wait() } func (h *HugoSites) createSitesFromConfig(cfg config.Provider) error { oldLangs, _ := h.Cfg.Get("languagesSorted").(langs.Languages) l := configLoader{cfg: h.Cfg} if err := l.loadLanguageSettings(oldLangs); err != nil { return err } depsCfg := deps.DepsCfg{Fs: h.Fs, Cfg: l.cfg} sites, err := createSitesFromConfig(depsCfg) if err != nil { return err } langConfig, err := newMultiLingualFromSites(depsCfg.Cfg, sites...) if err != nil { return err } h.Sites = sites for _, s := range sites { s.h = h } var cl configLoader if err := cl.applyDeps(depsCfg, sites...); err != nil { return err } h.Deps = sites[0].Deps h.multilingual = langConfig h.multihost = h.Deps.Cfg.GetBool("multihost") return nil } func (h *HugoSites) toSiteInfos() []*SiteInfo { infos := make([]*SiteInfo, len(h.Sites)) for i, s := range h.Sites { infos[i] = s.Info } return infos } // BuildCfg holds build options used to, as an example, skip the render step. type BuildCfg struct { // Reset site state before build. Use to force full rebuilds. ResetState bool // If set, we re-create the sites from the given configuration before a build. // This is needed if new languages are added. NewConfig config.Provider // Skip rendering. Useful for testing. SkipRender bool // Use this to indicate what changed (for rebuilds). whatChanged *whatChanged // This is a partial re-render of some selected pages. This means // we should skip most of the processing. PartialReRender bool // Set in server mode when the last build failed for some reason. ErrRecovery bool // Recently visited URLs. This is used for partial re-rendering. RecentlyVisited map[string]bool // Can be set to build only with a sub set of the content source. ContentInclusionFilter *glob.FilenameFilter testCounters *testCounters } // shouldRender is used in the Fast Render Mode to determine if we need to re-render // a Page: If it is recently visited (the home pages will always be in this set) or changed. // Note that a page does not have to have a content page / file. // For regular builds, this will allways return true. // TODO(bep) rename/work this. func (cfg *BuildCfg) shouldRender(p *pageState) bool { if p.forceRender { return true } if len(cfg.RecentlyVisited) == 0 { return true } if cfg.RecentlyVisited[p.RelPermalink()] { return true } if cfg.whatChanged != nil && !p.File().IsZero() { return cfg.whatChanged.files[p.File().Filename()] } return false } func (h *HugoSites) renderCrossSitesSitemap() error { if !h.multilingual.enabled() || h.IsMultihost() { return nil } sitemapEnabled := false for _, s := range h.Sites { if s.isEnabled(kindSitemap) { sitemapEnabled = true break } } if !sitemapEnabled { return nil } s := h.Sites[0] templ := s.lookupLayouts("sitemapindex.xml", "_default/sitemapindex.xml", "_internal/_default/sitemapindex.xml") return s.renderAndWriteXML(&s.PathSpec.ProcessingStats.Sitemaps, "sitemapindex", s.siteCfg.sitemap.Filename, h.toSiteInfos(), templ) } func (h *HugoSites) renderCrossSitesRobotsTXT() error { if h.multihost { return nil } if !h.Cfg.GetBool("enableRobotsTXT") { return nil } s := h.Sites[0] p, err := newPageStandalone(&pageMeta{ s: s, kind: kindRobotsTXT, urlPaths: pagemeta.URLPath{ URL: "robots.txt", }, }, output.RobotsTxtFormat) if err != nil { return err } if !p.render { return nil } templ := s.lookupLayouts("robots.txt", "_default/robots.txt", "_internal/_default/robots.txt") return s.renderAndWritePage(&s.PathSpec.ProcessingStats.Pages, "Robots Txt", "robots.txt", p, templ) } func (h *HugoSites) removePageByFilename(filename string) { h.getContentMaps().withMaps(func(m *pageMap) error { m.deleteBundleMatching(func(b *contentNode) bool { if b.p == nil { return false } if b.fi == nil { return false } return b.fi.Meta().Filename == filename }) return nil }) } func (h *HugoSites) createPageCollections() error { allPages := newLazyPagesFactory(func() page.Pages { var pages page.Pages for _, s := range h.Sites { pages = append(pages, s.Pages()...) } page.SortByDefault(pages) return pages }) allRegularPages := newLazyPagesFactory(func() page.Pages { return h.findPagesByKindIn(page.KindPage, allPages.get()) }) for _, s := range h.Sites { s.PageCollections.allPages = allPages s.PageCollections.allRegularPages = allRegularPages } return nil } func (s *Site) preparePagesForRender(isRenderingSite bool, idx int) error { var err error s.pageMap.withEveryBundlePage(func(p *pageState) bool { if err = p.initOutputFormat(isRenderingSite, idx); err != nil { return true } return false }) return nil } // Pages returns all pages for all sites. func (h *HugoSites) Pages() page.Pages { return h.Sites[0].AllPages() } func (h *HugoSites) loadData(fis []hugofs.FileMetaInfo) (err error) { spec := source.NewSourceSpec(h.PathSpec, nil, nil) h.data = make(map[string]interface{}) for _, fi := range fis { fileSystem := spec.NewFilesystemFromFileMetaInfo(fi) files, err := fileSystem.Files() if err != nil { return err } for _, r := range files { if err := h.handleDataFile(r); err != nil { return err } } } return } func (h *HugoSites) handleDataFile(r source.File) error { var current map[string]interface{} f, err := r.FileInfo().Meta().Open() if err != nil { return errors.Wrapf(err, "data: failed to open %q:", r.LogicalName()) } defer f.Close() // Crawl in data tree to insert data current = h.data keyParts := strings.Split(r.Dir(), helpers.FilePathSeparator) for _, key := range keyParts { if key != "" { if _, ok := current[key]; !ok { current[key] = make(map[string]interface{}) } current = current[key].(map[string]interface{}) } } data, err := h.readData(r) if err != nil { return h.errWithFileContext(err, r) } if data == nil { return nil } // filepath.Walk walks the files in lexical order, '/' comes before '.' higherPrecedentData := current[r.BaseFileName()] switch data.(type) { case nil: case map[string]interface{}: switch higherPrecedentData.(type) { case nil: current[r.BaseFileName()] = data case map[string]interface{}: // merge maps: insert entries from data for keys that // don't already exist in higherPrecedentData higherPrecedentMap := higherPrecedentData.(map[string]interface{}) for key, value := range data.(map[string]interface{}) { if _, exists := higherPrecedentMap[key]; exists { // this warning could happen if // 1. A theme uses the same key; the main data folder wins // 2. A sub folder uses the same key: the sub folder wins // TODO(bep) figure out a way to detect 2) above and make that a WARN h.Log.Infof("Data for key '%s' in path '%s' is overridden by higher precedence data already in the data tree", key, r.Path()) } else { higherPrecedentMap[key] = value } } default: // can't merge: higherPrecedentData is not a map h.Log.Warnf("The %T data from '%s' overridden by "+ "higher precedence %T data already in the data tree", data, r.Path(), higherPrecedentData) } case []interface{}: if higherPrecedentData == nil { current[r.BaseFileName()] = data } else { // we don't merge array data h.Log.Warnf("The %T data from '%s' overridden by "+ "higher precedence %T data already in the data tree", data, r.Path(), higherPrecedentData) } default: h.Log.Errorf("unexpected data type %T in file %s", data, r.LogicalName()) } return nil } func (h *HugoSites) errWithFileContext(err error, f source.File) error { fim, ok := f.FileInfo().(hugofs.FileMetaInfo) if !ok { return err } realFilename := fim.Meta().Filename err, _ = herrors.WithFileContextForFile( err, realFilename, realFilename, h.SourceSpec.Fs.Source, herrors.SimpleLineMatcher) return err } func (h *HugoSites) readData(f source.File) (interface{}, error) { file, err := f.FileInfo().Meta().Open() if err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "readData: failed to open data file") } defer file.Close() content := helpers.ReaderToBytes(file) format := metadecoders.FormatFromString(f.Extension()) return metadecoders.Default.Unmarshal(content, format) } func (h *HugoSites) findPagesByKindIn(kind string, inPages page.Pages) page.Pages { return h.Sites[0].findPagesByKindIn(kind, inPages) } func (h *HugoSites) resetPageState() { h.getContentMaps().walkBundles(func(n *contentNode) bool { if n.p == nil { return false } p := n.p for _, po := range p.pageOutputs { if po.cp == nil { continue } po.cp.Reset() } return false }) } func (h *HugoSites) resetPageStateFromEvents(idset identity.Identities) { h.getContentMaps().walkBundles(func(n *contentNode) bool { if n.p == nil { return false } p := n.p OUTPUTS: for _, po := range p.pageOutputs { if po.cp == nil { continue } for id := range idset { if po.cp.dependencyTracker.Search(id) != nil { po.cp.Reset() continue OUTPUTS } } } if p.shortcodeState == nil { return false } for _, s := range p.shortcodeState.shortcodes { for _, templ := range s.templs { sid := templ.(identity.Manager) for id := range idset { if sid.Search(id) != nil { for _, po := range p.pageOutputs { if po.cp != nil { po.cp.Reset() } } return false } } } } return false }) } // Used in partial reloading to determine if the change is in a bundle. type contentChangeMap struct { mu sync.RWMutex // Holds directories with leaf bundles. leafBundles *radix.Tree // Holds directories with branch bundles. branchBundles map[string]bool pathSpec *helpers.PathSpec // Hugo supports symlinked content (both directories and files). This // can lead to situations where the same file can be referenced from several // locations in /content -- which is really cool, but also means we have to // go an extra mile to handle changes. // This map is only used in watch mode. // It maps either file to files or the real dir to a set of content directories // where it is in use. symContentMu sync.Mutex symContent map[string]map[string]bool } func (m *contentChangeMap) add(dirname string, tp bundleDirType) { m.mu.Lock() if !strings.HasSuffix(dirname, helpers.FilePathSeparator) { dirname += helpers.FilePathSeparator } switch tp { case bundleBranch: m.branchBundles[dirname] = true case bundleLeaf: m.leafBundles.Insert(dirname, true) default: m.mu.Unlock() panic("invalid bundle type") } m.mu.Unlock() } func (m *contentChangeMap) resolveAndRemove(filename string) (string, bundleDirType) { m.mu.RLock() defer m.mu.RUnlock() // Bundles share resources, so we need to start from the virtual root. relFilename := m.pathSpec.RelContentDir(filename) dir, name := filepath.Split(relFilename) if !strings.HasSuffix(dir, helpers.FilePathSeparator) { dir += helpers.FilePathSeparator } if _, found := m.branchBundles[dir]; found { delete(m.branchBundles, dir) return dir, bundleBranch } if key, _, found := m.leafBundles.LongestPrefix(dir); found { m.leafBundles.Delete(key) dir = string(key) return dir, bundleLeaf } fileTp, isContent := classifyBundledFile(name) if isContent && fileTp != bundleNot { // A new bundle. return dir, fileTp } return dir, bundleNot } func (m *contentChangeMap) addSymbolicLinkMapping(fim hugofs.FileMetaInfo) { meta := fim.Meta() if !meta.IsSymlink { return } m.symContentMu.Lock() from, to := meta.Filename, meta.OriginalFilename if fim.IsDir() { if !strings.HasSuffix(from, helpers.FilePathSeparator) { from += helpers.FilePathSeparator } } mm, found := m.symContent[from] if !found { mm = make(map[string]bool) m.symContent[from] = mm } mm[to] = true m.symContentMu.Unlock() } func (m *contentChangeMap) GetSymbolicLinkMappings(dir string) []string { mm, found := m.symContent[dir] if !found { return nil } dirs := make([]string, len(mm)) i := 0 for dir := range mm { dirs[i] = dir i++ } sort.Strings(dirs) return dirs }