issue 8
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Solene Rapenne
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<article id="issues">
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<h2>Issues published</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Issue #7 <a class="permalink" href="issue-7.html">[html]</a> (2022-02-24)</li>
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<li>Issue #6 <a class="permalink" href="issue-6.html">[html]</a> (2022-01-05)</li>
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<li>Issue #5 <a class="permalink" href="issue-5.html">[html]</a> (2021-11-26)</li>
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<li>Issue #4 <a class="permalink" href="issue-4.html">[html]</a> (2021-11-11)</li>
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<li>Issue #3 <a class="permalink" href="issue-3.html">[html]</a> (2021-10-27)</li>
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<li>Issue #2 <a class="permalink" href="issue-2.html">[html]</a> (2021-10-15)</li>
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<li>Issue #1 <a class="permalink" href="issue-1.html">[html]</a> (2021-09-30)</li>
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<li>2022-03-21 - Issue #8 <a class="permalink" href="issue-8.html">[English]</a></li>
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<li>2022-02-24 - Issue #7 <a class="permalink" href="issue-7.html">[English]</a>, <a class="permalink" href="fr_issue-7.html">[French]</a></li>
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<li>2022-01-05 - Issue #6 <a class="permalink" href="issue-6.html">[English]</a></li>
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<li>2021-11-26 - Issue #5 <a class="permalink" href="issue-5.html">[English]</a></li>
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<li>2021-11-11 - Issue #4 <a class="permalink" href="issue-4.html">[English]</a></li>
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<li>2021-10-27 - Issue #3 <a class="permalink" href="issue-3.html">[English]</a></li>
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<li>2021-10-15 - Issue #2 <a class="permalink" href="issue-2.html">[English]</a></li>
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<li>2021-09-30 - Issue #1 <a class="permalink" href="issue-1.html">[English]</a>, <a class="permalink" href="de_issue-1.html">[German]</a></li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<header>
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<h2 id="title"><a href="https://webzine.puffy.cafe"><span id="open">Open</span><span id="bsd">BSD</span> Webzine</a></h2>
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<div id="banner">
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<p>ISSUE #__ISSUE__</p>
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<p><time datetime="__DATETIME__">__HUMAN_DATE__</time></p>
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</div>
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</header>
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<main>
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<article id="headlines">
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<h2>TL;DR</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>OpenBSD on Apple M1 is more accessible</li>
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<li>httpd supports static gzip compression</li>
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<li>Many wifi performance improvement</li>
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<li>Webzine new Questions and Answers section</li>
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<li>Webzine is being translated into Germand and French</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article id="current">
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<div class="puffies" aria-hidden="true">🐡🐡🐡</div>
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<h2>Recent -current changes</h2>
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<p>Many changes to current since last webzine, this is awesome!</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164599382324670&w=2" class="permalink">static gzip support in httpd</a>, the patch was developped for the webzine by our author prx and tested on our website</li>
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<li><a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164609772318735&w=2">new rtable setting in login.conf</a> to define a default routing table per class</li>
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<li>OpenBSD now supports Apple <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164617014016658&w=2">M1 Pro/Max</a> machines.</li>
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<li>OpenBSD should now be usable on <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-tech&m=164768935419551&w=2">Apple M1 systems</a> for a wider audience (it got easier to setup)</li>
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<li>Xbox One controller <a href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164786514008198&w=2" class="permalink">is now natively supported</a></li>
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<li>Add <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164622142412305&w=2">openvpn ports</a> to /etc/services so you can refer to ports TCP/UDP 1194 using the name openvpn</li>
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<li>New <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164675207028317&w=2">mtw(4) driver</a> for Mediatek wifi card</li>
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<li>Improve <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164682591203530&w=2">iwn roaming stability</a></li>
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<li>Add initial support for <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164727054105578&w=2">802.11ac for iwx driver</a></li>
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<li>Add support for <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164768552018564&w=2">80MHz channels</a></li>
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<li>Add initial support for <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164768562118583&w=2">802.11ac for iwm driver</a></li>
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<li>Slightly improve network performance <a class="permalink" href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-cvs&m=164658027728696&w=2">by avoiding IPSEC</a> checks done even when the system had no IPSEC tunnel</li>
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</ul>
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<h2>Interesting new packages</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-ports-cvs&m=164707755911017&w=2" class="permalink">cheese</a>, the GNOME webcam GUI is back</li>
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<li><a href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-ports-cvs&m=164708428202328&w=2" class="permalink">secrets</a>, a GNOME password manager compatible with the Keepass databases format</li>
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<li><a href="https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-ports-cvs&m=164716036426737&w=2" class="permalink">amused</a>, a command line driven music player (developed by op@)</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article id="stable">
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<div class="puffies" aria-hidden="true">🐡🐡🐡</div>
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<h2>7.0-stable updates (since last webzine issue)</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><strong>Syspatch</strong>:
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<a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/patches/7.0/common/016_bignum.patch.sig" class="permalink">016</a> (all architectures),
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<a href="https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/patches/7.0/common/017_slaacd.patch.sig" class="permalink">017</a> (all architectures)
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</li>
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<li><strong>Package updates</strong>: mariadb, flac, librenms, thunderbird, firefox-esr, apache-httpd, openssl, php, isc-bind, node, openvpn</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article id="interview">
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<div class="puffies" aria-hidden="true">🐡🐡🐡</div>
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<h2>Questions & Answers</h2>
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<div>
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<p>We chose to keep the questions author anonymous for this section.</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from K.</strong>: I'm curious about criterias for where you've chosen to use OpenBSD in some contexts versus a linux distribution in some others</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: there are many criterias that will come into the decision: first, are my software and hardware requirements compatible with OpenBSD? If no, usually Linux is a very good fallback. Most of the time, this will be the only question I need to think about, I would install OpenBSD any time when I have the choice AND it will do what I want. Another question would be in case of a multiple human users system, do I want them to use OpenBSD, is it a good idea? Finally, performance could also be an important factor in the decision, especially for embedded systems.</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from T.</strong>: I found it really confusing on how to get started with the very few basics of relayd and how to set it up with httpd. I could run httpd on its own but it seemed all the features I wanted were in relayd and the manual assumed a level of basic set-up info I didn't know</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: it is true the relation between httpd and relayd can be confusing. Relayd in front of httpd can add some logic related to headers while httpd doesn't have much logic in its configuration which make it relatively dependant to relayd for some use case. However, I usually recommend to use a web server like apache or nginx when you need some advanced features that httpd doesn't have.</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from T.</strong>: How to change the 404 page in httpd? Is there really no other way than changing the source code and recompiling httpd?</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: httpd received support for custom error pages in October 2021 <a href="https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/src/usr.sbin/httpd/httpd.conf.5?rev=1.119&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup" class="permalink">in this commit</a>, you can read about it <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/httpd.conf#errdocs" class="permalink">in the man page</a></p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from S.</strong>: I've always been curious how folks are able to play games like old Half-Life mods (e.g. Counter-Strike); like is this some wine or Linux compatibility layer or do there exist builds of these games for OpenBSD?</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>:</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from W. O.</strong>: What are some practical uses for rdomains?</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: there are at least two different use I can think of right now. First use would be a system with multiple internet access that would use each independently, each link would live in its routing domain and would never mix with each other. Another use case would be with VPN, instead of using it as a default gateway it could run in a different routing domain, the user could then choose per-application if it should pass through the VPN or not.</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from R. S.</strong>: Assuming a new user is coming from a linux background, what things do you think are critical to know about OpenBSD?</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: I think new users should now about OpenBSD not being a Linux distribution, this is a very common mistake that lead people to follow wrong instructions when looking for help. In addition, knowing about the FAQ on the website and how to efficiently read man pages would be a great introduction. Of course, starting a new product by its documentation it nos very fun, but as OpenBSD is really different than Linux I'm convinced new user should spend some time learning how to use the documentation.</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from R. S.</strong>: What do you think is the coolest 'new' thing in the upcoming release?</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: I'm personnally happy to see support for distributing gzipped content in httpd but I have to admit the various changes such as Apple M1 support or all the WiFi improvements are exciting.</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from R. S.</strong>: Name an unexpected man page that you think is a must-read for admins.</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: here is the <a href="https://man.openbsd.org/afterboot" class="permalink">afterboot</a> man page</p>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Question from T.</strong>: Is any work on network/PF perfomance being done? I use OpenBSD as a firewall, and it works great with my existing hardware an internet connection, but when I look at benchmarks it seems to lag behind Linux and FreeBSD as far as throughput in this application.</p>
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<p><strong>Solene@</strong>: there is a current work to improve PF performance to make it use multiple CPU at once, in the end this will give good results. However we regularly reach milestones and performance are getting better at every new release.</p>
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</div>
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</article>
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<article id="tips">
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<div class="puffies" aria-hidden="true">🐡🐡🐡</div>
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<h2>Shell tips</h2>
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<p>It is easy to add autocompletion to commands in ksh, however they are limited because they have to be evaluated when the shell is starting.</p>
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<p>In the following example, we can parse the file <pre>~/.ssh/known_hosts</pre> to get hostnames and use this list to set completion for some commands:
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<pre>
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HOSTS_LIST=$(awk '{split($1,a,","); print a[1]}' ~/.ssh/known_hosts)
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set -A complete_ssh -- $HOSTS_LIST
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set -A complete_ping -- $HOSTS_LIST
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set -A complete_sndioctl_1 -- $(sndioctl | cut -d= -f 1)
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</pre></p>
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<p>In this other example, we add different completion depending on the parameter position
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<pre>set -A complete_rclone_1 -- ncdu ls copy sync
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set -A complete_rclone_2 -- $(rclone listremotes)
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</pre>
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Adding completion is easy but this will be evaluated at runtime, so you should avoid time consuming evaluations and some commands like scp or git can't receive much useful completion.</p>
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<p>More information can be found about this feature <a class="permalink" href="https://man.openbsd.org/ksh#Emacs_editing_mode">in ksh man page</a>.</p>
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</article>
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<article id="comments">
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<div class="puffies" aria-hidden="true">🐡🐡🐡</div>
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<h2>Reader comments</h2>
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<p>
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<em>Message received from XXX: </em>
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<quote>blabla.</quote>
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</p>
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</article>
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<article id="links">
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<div class="puffies" aria-hidden="true">🐡🐡🐡</div>
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<h2>Going further</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a class="permalink" href="https://dataswamp.org/~solene/2022-03-15-openbsd-impermanence.html">Reproducible clean $HOME in OpenBSD</a></li>
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<li><a class="permalink" href="https://blog.hukadan.org/install-openbsd-on-ssdnodes/">How to install OpenBSD on SSDNODES VPS</a></li>
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<li><a class="permalink" href="https://briancallahan.net/blog/20220321.html">I built the new gcobol compiler on OpenBSD</a></li>
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<li><a class="permalink" href="https://www.undeadly.org/cgi?action=article;sid=20220319123157">Testing parallel forwarding</a></li>
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<li><a class="permalink" href="https://dataswamp.org/~solene/2022-03-21-openbsd-cool-frequency.html">Keep your OpenBSD system cool</a></li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article id="artwork">
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<div class="puffies" aria-hidden="true">🐡🐡🐡</div>
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<h2>Artworks of the moment</h2>
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<figure>
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<a href="images/artwork-issue8.png">
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<picture>
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<img src="images/artwork-issue8.pn"
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alt="Some circles with spikes having eyes looking like puffy fishes, hand drawn in black and white" />
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</picture>
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</a>
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<figcaption>"Herd of puff." by <a href="https://bsd.network/@prahou" class="permalink">Tomáš</a></figcaption>
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</figure>
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</article>
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PUBLISHED_DATE="2022-03-21T12:12:15Z"
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