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hugo/docs/content/en/content-management/formats.md

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title linktitle description date publishdate lastmod categories keywords menu weight draft aliases toc
Content Formats Content Formats Both HTML and Markdown are supported content formats. 2017-01-10 2017-01-10 2017-04-06
content management
markdown
asciidoc
mmark
pandoc
content format
docs
parent weight
content-management 20
20 false
/content/markdown-extras/
/content/supported-formats/
/doc/supported-formats/
true

You can put any file type into your /content directories, but Hugo uses the markup front matter value if set or the file extension (see Markup identifiers in the table below) to determine if the markup needs to be processed, e.g.:

  • Markdown converted to HTML
  • Shortcodes processed
  • Layout applied

List of content formats

The current list of content formats in Hugo:

Name Markup identifiers Comment
Goldmark md, markdown, goldmark Note that you can set the default handler of md and markdown to something else, see Configure Markup.{{< new-in "0.60.0" >}}
Blackfriday blackfriday Blackfriday will eventually be deprecated.
MMark mmark Mmark is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
Emacs Org-Mode org See go-org.
AsciiDoc asciidoc, adoc, ad Needs AsciiDoc or Asciidoctor installed.
RST rst Needs RST installed.
Pandoc pandoc, pdc Needs Pandoc installed.
HTML html, htm To be treated as a content file, with layout, shortcodes etc., it must have front matter. If not, it will be copied as-is.

The markup identifier is fetched from either the markup variable in front matter or from the file extension. For markup-related configuration, see Configure Markup.

External Helpers

Some of the formats in the table above needs external helpers installed on your PC. For example, for AsciiDoc files, Hugo will try to call the asciidoctor or asciidoc command. This means that you will have to install the associated tool on your machine to be able to use these formats.

Hugo passes reasonable default arguments to these external helpers by default:

  • asciidoctor: --no-header-footer -v -
  • rst2html: --leave-comments --initial-header-level=2
  • pandoc: --mathjax

{{% warning "Performance of External Helpers" %}} Because additional formats are external commands generation performance will rely heavily on the performance of the external tool you are using. As this feature is still in its infancy, feedback is welcome. {{% /warning %}}

External Helper AsciiDoc

AsciiDoc implementation EOLs in Jan 2020 and is no longer supported. AsciiDoc development is being continued under Asciidoctor. The format AsciiDoc remains of course. Please continue with the implementation Asciidoctor.

External Helper Asciidoctor

The Asciidoctor community offers a wide set of tools for the AsciiDoc format that can be installed additionally to Hugo. See the Asciidoctor docs for installation instructions. Make sure that also all optional extensions like asciidoctor-diagram or asciidoctor-html5s are installed if required.

Asciidoctor parameters can be customized in Hugo:

Parameter Default Comment
backend html5 Don't change this unless you know what you are doing.
doctype article Document type (article, book or manpage).
extensions Possible extensions are asciidoctor-html5s, asciidoctor-diagram, asciidoctor-interdoc-reftext, asciidoctor-katex, asciidoctor-latex, asciidoctor-question, asciidoctor-rouge.
attributes Variables to be referenced in your adoc file. This is a list of variable name/value maps. See Asciidoctor#attributes.
noheaderorfooter true Output an embeddable document, which excludes the header, the footer, and everything outside the body of the document. Don't change this unless you know what you are doing.
safemode unsafe Safe mode level unsafe, safe, server or secure. Don't change this unless you know what you are doing.
sectionnumbers false Auto-number section titles.
verbose true Verbosely print processing information and configuration file checks to stderr.
trace false Include backtrace information on errors.
failurelevel fatal The minimum logging level that triggers a non-zero exit code (failure).
workingfoldercurrent false Set the working folder to the rendered adoc file, so include will work with relative paths. This setting uses the asciidoctor cli parameter --base-dir and attribute outdir=. For rendering asciidoctor-diagram workingfoldercurrent must be set to true. 
[markup.asciidocext]
    extensions = ["asciidoctor-html5s", "asciidoctor-diagram"]
    workingFolderCurrent = true
    trace = true
    [markup.asciidocext.attributes]
        my-base-url = "https://example.com/"
        my-attribute-name = "my value"

Important: External asciidoctor requires Hugo rendering to disk to a specific destination folder. It is required to run Hugo with the command option --destination!

In a complex Asciidoctor environment it is sometimes helpful to debug the exact call to your external helper with all parameters. Run Hugo with -v. You will get an output like

INFO 2019/12/22 09:08:48 Rendering book-as-pdf.adoc with C:\Ruby26-x64\bin\asciidoctor.bat using asciidoc args [--no-header-footer -r asciidoctor-html5s -b html5s -r asciidoctor-diagram --base-dir D:\prototypes\hugo_asciidoc_ddd\docs -a outdir=D:\prototypes\hugo_asciidoc_ddd\build -] ...

Learn Markdown

Markdown syntax is simple enough to learn in a single sitting. The following are excellent resources to get you up and running: